大整薯稀播对马铃薯农艺性状和产量的影响

为探索提高马铃薯产量的新途径,以大整薯作为种薯进行大田试验,研究了大整薯稀播的增产潜力和对马铃薯主要农艺性状的影响。结果表明,大整薯稀播能使马铃薯的出苗率、主茎数、株高、穴结薯数、穴薯鲜质量、叶面积指数、产量和商品率均有不同程度增加,与切块播种相比,差异极显著。综合比较表明,大整薯稀播具有很大的增产潜力,并能改善马铃薯的主要农艺性状,在生产中推广应用的前景较大。以每个整薯质量为140～160 g,播种密度为27 779株/hm²组配的处理,增产幅度最大,故在马铃薯生产中建议使用此组配形式。

Effect of sparse sowing of large whole tubers on the yield and agronomic traits of potato

The use of large, whole potato tubers as seed potatoes to increase potato yield and the effect of sparse sowing of these tubers on the main agronomic traits and the yield-increasing potential were studied in a field experiment. Sparse sowing increased seedling rate, main stem number, plant height, tuberization rate, fresh tuber weight, leaf area index (LAI), yield and commodity rate. Sparse sowing was significantly different from cut tuber sowing. A comprehensive comparison showed that there was a stronger yield-increasing potential by using sparse sowing, and the main agronomic traits were also improved, a promising perspective for extending this technique. The yield increase was greatest when whole tuber weights were 140-160 g per potato at a planting density of 27 779 plants per hectare. The application of a combination of the two treatments is suggested for potato production.