菊花花粉生活力及瓶插授粉研究

为研究菊花花粉的生活力及其对室内瓶插杂交结实率的影响,用1%醋酸洋红染色法检测了10个菊花品种花粉的生活力。结果显示,菊花花粉生活力为70.8%~97.6%,不同品种间有一定的差异。同一个花序,外围管状花的花粉生活力比中心的高,而同一天内的花粉生活力随取样时间的不同也发生变化。花粉在4℃的冰箱内贮藏15 d后,花粉生活力平均降低了16.45个百分点。选取4个菊花品种间2个正反杂交组合进行室内瓶插授粉后,不同组合间结实率有很大差异。试验结果还表明,醋酸洋红染色法可以用来检测菊花花粉的生活力,菊花花粉生活力与杂交结实率并非简单的正相关关系。

Studies on Pollen Viability and Vase Fertilization of Chrysanthemum

To study the pollen viability and its effects on seed-setting percentage of vase fertilization in room,pollens of 10 chrysanthemum(Dendranthema grandiflorum) cultivars were stained with 1 % of aceto-carmine solution. The result showed that the pollen viabilities of different cultivars varied from 70.8% to 97.6%.The pollens sampled from outside tubular florets had a higher viabilities than those from centre parts of the same inflorescence.The pollen viability changed with sampling time of a day,and decreased 16.45 percentage points after 15 days stored at 4℃ in refrigerator.The vase fertilization in room showed that seed-setting percentage was very different between the two reciprocal crosses from 4 cultivars.It was concluded that the aceto-carmine stain method could be used in the detection of pollen viability,and there was no simple positive correlation between pollen viability and seed-setting percentage in chrysanthemum.