野生鸭茅植物学形态特征变异研究

对25份野生鸭茅种源进行植物学特征变异性研究,结果表明:1)不同种源鸭茅的植物形态学特征存在广泛变异。其中,种子千粒重变异最大;旗叶长度、花序形状次之;穗叶距、花药宽度、旗叶宽度等性状变异中等;而花序长度、株型、叶宽、种子长度变异最小。2)鸭茅植物形态学特征间存在明显相关性,花序直立、紧缩的鸭茅,叶片窄长,茎秆粗壮,旗叶较长,雄性生殖器官发育良好,结种性能强;而花序下垂、开展的鸭茅则与之相反。3)聚类分析表明,不同野生鸭茅种源可划分为3类,其中花序下垂种源聚于一类;而花序直立的种源分居另两类。4)从形态学特征及相关农艺性状分析,花序直立的鸭茅更具开发利用潜力。

A study on variations of morphologic features of Dactylis glomerata

A study on variations of 19 morphologic features of 25 wild D.glomerata showed that there were extensive variations in morphology.The most significant variance lay in the 1000-seed-weight,followed by flag leaf length and inflorescence shape and then by distance between flag leaf and inflorescence with least in inflorescence length,plant form,leaf width and seed length.Meanwhile,morphological characteristics of D.glomerata have significant relationships: those with upright and constrictive inflorescences have longer and narrower leaves,stronger stems,longer flag leaves,well-developed stamens and stronger seed reproductive capacity,whereas those with pendulous inflorescence have the opposite characteristics.Furthermore,by hierachical clustering,all 25 populations can be classified into 3 groups,in which those with pendulous inflorescence are in the same group and those with upright inflorescences are in the other two groups.A comprehensive appraisal of morphologic evolution strongly infers that D.glomerata with upright inflorescences have more potential for development.