The relationship between graft incompatibility and phenols in Uapaca kirkiana Müell Arg. |
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Authors: | Simon A Mng’omba Elsa S du Toit Festus K Akinnifesi |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, 0002 Pretoria, South Africa;2. World Agroforestry Centre, SADC-ICRAF, Agroforestry Programme, Chitedze Agricultural Research Station, P.O. Box 30798, Lilongwe 3, Malawi |
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Abstract: | The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between phenols and graft incompatibility in Uapaca kirkiana. Phenol quantification and identification were carried out using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent procedure, fluorescence microscopy and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatograph (RP-HPLC) above, below and at the graft union. Results showed no vascular cambium continuity above the scion/stock unions. Significant differences in total soluble phenols and cell wall bound phenols were obtained. Fluorescence microscope indicated the presence of flavonoids and other polymers above the union. The RP-HPLC identified ferulic acid as a major phenol component found in U. kirkiana plant cells and responsible for wood discolouration. High phenol concentrations were obtained in less compatible combinations than in compatible combinations. High peaks of ρ-coumaric acid were obtained above the union. It is concluded that phenols, especially ρ-coumaric acids and flavonoids caused poor callus formation at the union, and hence implicated in graft incompatibility. |
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Keywords: | Callus Euphorbiaceae Exudates Field survival Secondary metabolites |
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