秸秆覆盖对土壤水分及夏玉米产量的影响

秸秆覆盖是减少棵间无效水分蒸发，提高根层土壤含水量及水分利用效率的有效途径，在北京大兴县的3年使用表明，覆盖秸秆3．0t／hm2，可有效保持表层土壤结构，使表层土壤含水量提高2％～11％，且越是干旱年份保水保墒效果越显著，夏玉米出苗率提高4％～13％；可使作物总干物质产量提高26％，籽粒产量提高20％。研究结果显示秸秆覆盖技术具有明显节水增产效果，在半干旱的夏玉米种植区，具有推广价值。

Impact of Straw-Mulching on Soil Moisture and Summer Maize Yields

Straw-mulching is an effective method for decreasing evaporation from soil, increasing soil moisture in root zone as well as raising the water use efficiency. The three years experimental data at Daxing County, Beijing, have shown that by using straw-mulching with 3 tons per hectare, the surface soil structure can protected effectively, and the soil moisture is raised by 2% ~ 11 %. The more is drought, the best is effect for keeping soil water and soil moisture. In addition, the yield of summer maize raised hy 4% ~ 13%, the total dry material raised 26%, and the seed production raised 20%. It is concluded that straw-mulchiug has remarkable effect on watersaving and increasing yield, which is worthy to popularize in the semi-drought area for summer maize growing.