仲彬草属物种的RAPD遗传变异分析

采用随机扩增多态性DNA (RAPD)技术 ,对仲彬草属Kengyilia 14个种、1个变种 ,共 32份材料进行了遗传多样性研究 .4 6个引物产生的 341条DNA扩增片段中 ,32 7条 (95 9% )具有多态性 .每个引物可扩增出 1～ 13条多态性带 ,平均 7 1条 .利用 341个RAPD标记 ,计算Jaccard遗传相似系数 ,建立UPGMA聚类图 .结果表明 :①K .melanthera (Y2 70 8)与K .melanthera (Y2 70 9a)的GS值最大 (0 82 9) ,遗传关系最近 ;K .hirsuta(Y2 86 0 )与K .tahelaca na (Y0 5 99)间GS值最小 (0 16 4 ) ,遗传关系最远 ;②物种内不同居群都聚在一起 ,遗传相似系数较大 ,亲缘关系较近 ;③形态相似、地理分布一致的物种有一定的亲缘关系 ,聚类在一起 ;④物种间遗传差异明显 ,且种间的遗传变异大于种内不同居群间的遗传变异 ;⑤RAPD结果与形态学和细胞学等分析结果基本一致 .据此 ,RAPD分析方法可为仲彬草属植物的系统学研究提供分子水平上的丰富资料 .

Genetic variation in Kengyilia populations based on Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis

The genetic variation of 32 accessions of Kengyilia, belong to 14 species and 1 variety was analyzed by using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 341 bands were produced by 46 arbitrary primers (10|mer), among which 327 out of 341 bands (95 9%) were polymorphic. One to thirteen polymorphic bands could be amplified from each primer, with an average of 7 1 bands. The data of 341 RAPD bands were used for RAPD assay. By NTSYS pc program, Jaccards genetic similarity coefficients were generated and dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA. The results show as follows: ① The highest genetic similarity(0 829) was observed between K. melanthera (Y2708)and K. melanthera (Y2709a), the lowest genetic similarity(0 164) was found between K. hirsuta (Y2860)and K. tahelacana (Y0599); ② The different accessions in a species were clustered together, respectively, which had larger genetic similarities and closer relations; ③ The species with similar morphological characters and the species from the same areas or neighboring geographical regions were clustered together, which suggested that they had some relationships; ④ Distinct genetic differences and extensive genetic diversity were present among the populations, the genetic variation among the different species were more abundant than that of the different accessions; ⑤ RAPD results were basically comparable with those obtained from studies on morphology and cytology. It is concluded that RAPD is a useful method for analysis of the genetic diversity in Kengyilia.