新乡地区冬小麦缺水量适宜估算模式研究

作物缺水量是确定灌溉需水量和制定灌溉制度的基础依据。利用新乡地区连续两个冬小麦生长季(2005~2006年、2006~2007年)田间试验资料建立了冬小麦生育期叶面积指数增长模型、需水量估算模型和土壤入渗模型。在此基础上, 根据新乡地区51年(1951~2001年)的逐日气象资料, 采用土壤水分平衡法, 综合考虑作物蒸散、降水和灌溉等因素, 模拟冬小麦各生长季降水有效利用状况, 分析研究该地区连续50个冬小麦生长季降水量与相应时间段有效降水量间的相互关系, 确定不同时间尺度下有效降水量估算模式。最后, 以确定的作物需水量和有效降水量估算模式为基础, 提出河南新乡地区不同时间尺度下的冬小麦缺水量适宜估算模式。

Suitable evaluation model for winter wheat water deficit in Xinxiang, Henan Province

Crop water deficit determines irrigation amount and schedule. Using data from field experiments during winter wheat seasons in 2005~2006 and 2006~2007, leaf area index model, soil water infiltration model and crop water requirement model were developed. Then using daily meteorological data during winter wheat seasons for 1951~2001 in Xinxiang of Henan Province (with consideration for the effects of evapotranspiration, precipitation and irrigation), effective precipitation utilization was simulated for each winter wheat season via soil water balance. Based on analysis of relationship between precipitation and effective precipitation during winter wheat season, effective precipitation was calculated at different time-scales. Based on the models for simulating winter wheat water requirement and effective precipitation, a suitable winter wheat water deficit evaluation model was isolated for Xinxiang of Henan Province