添加剂对不同含水量多花黑麦草青贮发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响

为研究不同添加剂对不同含水量多花黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum Lam.）样品青贮品质以及有氧稳定性的影响，在含水量分别为75%和65%条件下的多花黑麦草中添加3种不同的添加剂（甲酸、植物乳杆菌、布氏乳杆菌）青贮，在60天时开袋对青贮料进行测定。结果表明，75%和65%水分条件下的植物乳杆菌组pH值显著低于其他处理组（P<0.05），且乳酸含量显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）；布氏乳杆菌处理组的氨态氮/总氮和乙酸含量显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）；甲酸组可溶性碳水化合物含量显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）。就有氧稳定性而言，75%水分条件下布氏乳杆菌处理组的有氧稳定性（186 h）显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）。在75%和65% 2种水分条件下，3种不同类型的添加剂都能有效改善多花黑麦草青贮品质，改善程度依次为：植物乳杆菌 >甲酸 >布氏乳杆菌；开袋后，75%和65% 2种水分条件下，添加布氏乳杆菌能有效改善多花黑麦草青贮料的有氧稳定性。

Effect of Different Additives on Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability of Italian Ryegrass Silage Ensiled at Different Moisture

In order to evaluate effects of different additives on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of Italian Ryegrass, three additives (formic acid (LA), Lactobacillus plantment (LP), Lactobacillus buchneri (LB))were used to ensile Italian ryegrass with different moisture contents (75% and 65%). Results showed that after 60 days fermentation, the pH value of LA significantly lower than the other treatment groups (P<0.05) in 75% and 65% moisture conditions, and the content of lactic acid was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05); NH₃-N/TN and acetic acid content of LB was significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05); WSC content of formic acid group were significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). For the aerobic stability, aerobic stability (186h) of LB group with 75% moisture was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). Under 75% and 65% moisture conditions, three additives all effectively improved the silage quality of Italian ryegrass, LP >formic acid >LB, and LB effectively improved the aerobic stability of ryegrass silage.