苜蓿皂苷对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响

本文以460日龄的褐壳蛋鸡为试验对象,在蛋鸡饲粮中添加不同水平紫花苜蓿皂苷,研究其对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。试验将200只蛋鸡随机分为5个处理,分别饲喂基础日粮(Ⅰ),基础日粮+0.5%胆固醇(Ⅱ),基础日粮+0.5%胆固醇+120 mg·kg^-1苜蓿皂苷(Ⅲ),基础日粮+0.5%胆固醇+240 mg·kg^-1苜蓿皂苷(Ⅳ),基础日粮+0.5%胆固醇+480 mg·kg^-1苜蓿皂苷(Ⅴ),试验期为63 d。结果表明:在蛋鸡饲粮中添加胆固醇或胆固醇+不同水平的苜蓿皂苷均能改善其产蛋率、增加蛋重、降低料蛋比,其中0.5%胆固醇+120 mg·kg^-1组效果显著。添加胆固醇对蛋黄重改进作用较大;各试验组的蛋黄颜色都有改进,其中0.5%胆固醇+240 mg·kg^-1苜蓿皂苷组(Ⅳ)和0.5%胆固醇+480 mg·kg^-1苜蓿皂苷组(Ⅴ)的蛋黄颜色显著提高;各试验组的哈氏单位都较对照组高,其中0.5%胆固醇+480 mg·kg^-1组(Ⅴ)提高显著。综合认为,在蛋鸡饲粮中添加胆固醇或胆固醇+苜蓿皂苷有提高蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的作用。

Effects of Alfalfa Saponins on Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of alfalfa saponins on performance and egg quality of laying hens by adding cholesterol or cholesterol and different levels of alfalfa saponins in diets. A total of 200 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (66-week-old) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups, and fed on diets supplemented with 0 (control group, Ⅰ), 0.5% cholesterol(Ⅱ), 0.5% cholesterol with 120(Ⅲ), 0.5% cholesterol with 240(Ⅳ), 0.5% cholesterol with 480 mg·kg^-1(Ⅴ) alfalfa saponins (alfalfa saponins groups), respectively, for a 9-week experimental period. Each treatment had eight hens with five replicates. The result showed that the egg-laying rate and egg weight were improved and the feed conversion ratio was decreased by supplemented cholesterol or cholesterol and different level alfalfa saponins in diets. 0.5% cholesterol and 120 mg·kg^-1 alfalfa saponins group was the best. Addition of cholesterol in diets improved yolk weight and the color of egg yolk changed in each experimental group. The egg yolk color was significantly improved under 0.5% cholesterol with 240 mg·kg^-1 alfalfa saponins group and 0.5% cholesterol with 480 mg·kg^-1 alfalfa saponins group. The haugh unit of experimental groups were higher than that of the control group, and 0.5% cholesterol with 480 mg·kg^-1 alfalfa saponins group was the most significant. In conclusion, 0.5% cholesterol or 0.5% cholesterol with different level alfalfa saponins improve the production performance and egg quality of laying hens when it was added into the laying hens fodder.