基于营养通道模型的淀山湖生态系统结构与能量流动特征

根据2008-2009年间对淀山湖湖区水生生物资源调查的结果,运用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.1软件构建了淀山湖生态系统的营养通道模型,初步分析了淀山湖水域生态系统的结构和能量流动特征.模型中涉及水鸟、鱼类、虾类、软体动物、底栖动物、浮游动物、浮游植物、碎屑等21个功能组分,基本涵盖了淀山湖生态系统的主要能量流动过程,分析结果表明,淀山湖生态系统总流量为4 098.50 t·km-2·a-1.从混合营养效应分析来看,渔业捕捞会对该生态系统的鱼类功能组产生负效应.生态网络分析显示,淀山湖生态系统各功能组的营养级范围为1～ 3.92,水鸟占据了营养层的最高层.系统的能量流动主要有5级,各营养级之间平均能量转换效率为11.7％.淀山湖生态系统的整体再循环率较低,能量利用效率有待改善和提高.生态系统参数:系统初级生产力/总呼吸量(TPP/TR)、连接指数CI和能量循环指数FCI分别为2.80、0.19和0.0189,表明淀山湖生态系统目前仍然处于幼态化生态系统状态.

Structure and energy flow of Dianshan Lake ecosystem based on the Ecopath model

Dianshan Lake,the largest freshwater lake in Shanghai,covers an area of 62 km2 with mean depth of 2.0 m and provides drinking water for more than 10 million people.With the rapid development of industry and agri-culture in recent years,Dianshan Lake has become polluted by run-off and sewage,leading to blooms of blue-green algae in some parts of the lake.The self-cleaning ability of Dianshan Lake has been degraded,and city authorities have funded several research projects to explore the reasons for its ecolo...