武汉东湖水质对蚕豆根尖细胞微核的影响

目的]采用蚕豆根尖微核检测技术综合评价东湖水体的污染程度。方法]采集来自9个样点的东湖湖水直接处理蚕豆根尖，检测各组水样对根尖细胞形成微核的诱导效应，并评价对应水体的污染程度。结果]东湖9个样点的湖水处理蚕豆根尖细胞后的微核率为2‰～8‰，部分水样污染较为严重。其中，3个样点水样形成的微核率均高于5‰，极显著高于对照组水样（P〈0．01），其污染达中度污染水平，表明东湖水体中存在一定致突变性，具有明显的遗传毒性。结论]东湖水体具有一定的遗传毒性效应，可显著诱导蚕豆根尖细胞微核率上升，表明湖水已受到不同程度的污染，污染较为严重的采样点主要位于排污口、旅游人群高密集区和交通干线附近的湖水水体。

Effects of Water in Donghu Lake in Wuhan City on the Micronucleus of Vicia faba Root Tips

Objective] The research aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation on the pollution degree of the water body in Donghu Lake by micronucleus detecting technology on Vicia faba root tip.Method] The water from 9 sample points in Donghu Lake was used to treat the V.faba root tip cells directly.The inductive effects of each water sample on the micronucleus forming of root tips were detected and the corresponding water body pollution degree was evaluated.Result] The micronucleus rates of V.faba root tip cells treated by the 9 water samples from Donghu Lake were between 2‰ to 8‰ and some water samples were polluted seriously.Among them,the micronucleus rates of V.faba root tip cells treated by 3 water samples were higher than 5‰,which was significantly higher than the water sample in control group(P<0.01) and their pollution degree reached moderate pollution level,showing that the water body in Donghu Lake had some mutagenicity and obvious genotoxicity.Conclusion] Donghu Lake had some genotoxicity effect and could induce the increasing of micronucleus rate from V.faba root tip remarkably,which indicated that the water in Donghu Lake had been polluted at different levels.The seriously polluted samples points mainly located at the sewage outfalls,the high concentration districts of mass tourists and the lake water nearby the traffic trunk roads.