应用三阶段DEA模型分析退耕还林农户商品林的技术效率

运用三阶段DEA模型，对2011年四川省雅安市退耕农户商品林生产效率进行了实证分析。结果表明，环境变量和随机误差因素对退耕还林工程中的商品林生产效率存在显著影响。农户的生产技术效率受到退耕还林补偿金额、农户到最近乡镇的距离和受教育程度等环境变量和随机因素的影响，但是农户家庭人均纯收入对商品林生产效率仅具方向性影响，且不显著。四川雅安地区农户商品林生产效率在剔除环境因素和随机误差的影响之后，其综合技术效率仅为0.486 3。造成综合技术效率较低的主要原因在于纯技术效率不高，且区域间差异较小。相关政府部门应引导农户把退耕还林补贴资金投向退耕地商品林经营，以改变生产要素粗放配置现状，改善退耕还林地区商品林资源富裕地区农村道路条件，以实现退耕农户对推广的商品林经营技术的充分利用，大力发展退耕还林地区农民技术培训力度，以提升农户生产要素配置效率的技能，从而提高退耕农户整体技术效率。

Technical Efficiency Analysis of Commercial Forests by SLCP Households Based on a Three-stage DEA Model

In order to eliminate the environmental effect and the influence of random errors on the efficiency value, this paper used a three-stage DEA model to analyze commercial forest production efficiency of the Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) Households, in Ya’an, Sichuan Province, 2011. Studies showed that the environment and random factors played a significant role in commercial forest production efficiency on the SLCP farmers. The technical efficiency of rural households were affected by random factors and environmental variables, such as the amount of SLCP subsidy, the distance between houses of rural households and the nearest township, the average education level and so on. But the per capita net income of rural households on the commercial forest production efficiency was not significant, only exhibited a direction impact. After removing environmental factors and random factors affecting the production of commercial forest farmers, farmers’ commercial forest production efficiency was only 0.486 3 in Ya’an, the main reason was that the pure technical efficiency was not high, and there were small differences between regions. Relevant government departments should guide farmers to SLCP subsidies into commercial forest production to change extensive allocation of production factors, improve rural road conditions in affluent commercial forest area of SLCP area, in order to achieve the full utilization of the commodity forest management technology promotion of farmers, vigorously develop commodity forest rich region farmer training in order to improve the efficiency of production factors allocation farmers skills, so as to improve the overall technical efficiency of farmers.