林农小额林权抵押贷款需求影响因素分析——基于对福建省、浙江省和陕西省的调研

小额林权抵押贷款对于盘活林农资金、促进林业生产具有重要意义。以福建省尤溪县和清流县、浙江省临安县、陕西省富县和西乡县的调研数据为基础，运用SPSS13.0统计分析软件构建多元回归模型，分析林农小额林权抵押贷款需求的影响因素。结果表明，林农小额林权抵押贷款需求与林农家庭年均收入、林地面积、贷款期限、贷款用途和是否参加了资产评估无关，与林农年龄、家庭主要收入来源呈显著负相关关系，与林农受教育程度、小额林权抵押贷款的贷款额度和是否参加了森林保险有显著正相关关系。据此，建议将小额林权抵押贷款的主要贷款对象定位于较年轻和家庭收入来源较单一的林农；金融机构要适当提高贷款额度，延长贷款期限，扩大贷款利用范围，以满足林农生产和生活的实际需要；增加森林保险险种，降低保险费用，提高保障水平，简化保险业务办理手续，积极推动森林保险业务的发展；重视林区的教育发展，提高林农的科学文化教育水平。

Analysis on the Factors Influencing the Demand of Small Forest Right Mortgage: A Case Study of Fujian,Zhejiang, and Shaanxi

It is of importance to provide loans such as small forest right mortgage (SFRM) for revitalizing the forestry capital, and promoting the forestry production. Taking Youxi and Qingliu counties in Fujian province, Lin’an County in Zhejiang Province, Fu and Xixiang Counties in Shaanxi Province as examples, on the basis of the survey data using SPSS13.0 statistical analysis software to build multivariate regression model, factors influencing the demand of SFRM were analyzed. The results showed that the demand of SFRM was independent with the factors such as the annual income of the households of forest owners, the area of the forests that a household owned, loan term, loan purposes, and whether or not their assets were evaluated. However, the demand of SFRM was significantly and negatively related to the age of forest owners and the ways of household income, and significantly and positively related to their education levels, loan amount, and the participation of forest insurance. The authors proposed that SFRM should be granted to those in which the family members were young and the family incomes were depended on the forests they owned. Financial institutions should increase the amount of loans, extend the loan term, expand the scope of the loan purpose to meet the practical requirements of forest production and the life demands of the households. The insurance institutions also should increase the types of forest insurance, lower the insurance costs, improve the level of security, and simplify the insurance formalities to actively promote the development of forest insurance business. Also the government should pay more attention to the development of education in forest area to raise the education levels of forest owners.