围产期补饲对放牧蒙古羊母羊泌乳性能及羔羊生长性能的影响

旨在研究围产期补饲精补料对戈壁地区妊娠期放牧蒙古羊母羊增重、血液生理生化指标、泌乳性能以及羔羊生长性能的影响。选取20只体况相近、平均体重为（60±5.54）kg的妊娠期蒙古羊母羊, 按平均体重分为试验组和对照组, 每组10只。对照组按照传统补饲方法补饲玉米300 g/（只·d）, 试验组补饲精补料300 g/（只·d）。补饲试验预饲期5 d, 正饲期60 d。测定试验母羊初始体重和补饲试验末体重, 计算总增重;补饲试验结束时, 采集试验母羊血液样本, 测定血液常规指标和血清生化指标;从产后第15天起使用差重法测定母羊泌乳量, 持续到产后第85天;测定羔羊的初生重、90日龄重, 计算羔羊在90日龄内的日增重。利用统计学方法对对照组和试验组的上述指标进行分析。结果表明, 在补饲试验期间, 试验组母羊与对照组母羊的总增重差异不显著（P>0.05）, 试验组母羊的体重减少幅度比对照组母羊低1.71%;试验组母羊的各项血液常规指标和血清生化指标与对照组母羊相比差异均不显著（P>0.05）;整个泌乳期试验组母羊的泌乳量都高于对照组母羊, 其中, 产羔后75 d和85 d, 试验组母羊的泌乳量显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）高于对照组母羊;与对照组羔羊相比, 试验组羔羊的90日龄体重和90日龄内日增重有所提高（P>0.05）。综上提示, 围产期补饲精补料能够提高放牧蒙古羊母羊的产后泌乳量, 并且有助于提升羔羊日增重。

Effects of Supplementary Feeding in the Perinatal Period on Lactation Performance of Grazing Mongolian Ewes and Growth Performance of Their Lambs

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of concentrated feed supplementation in the perinatal period on weight gain, blood physiological and biochemical indices, lactation performance of grazing Mongolian ewes grazed in the Gobi areas and growth performance of their lambs. A total of 20 gestational Mongolian ewes averagely weighted （60±5.54） kg with similar physical condition were selected and randomly assigned into an experimental group （n=10） and a control group （n=10）. The basal diet of the control group was supplemented with 300 g corn per ewe per day, and that of the experimental group was supplemented with 300 g self-prepared concentrated feed per ewe per day. The supplementary feeding experiment had a pre-feeding period of 5 days and a formal feeding period of 60 days. All the tested ewes were weighted at the initial and final stage of the supplementary feeding experiment, and the total weight gain was calculated; at the end of the supplementary feeding experiment, the ewes were sampled for determination of blood routine indices and serum biochemical indices; from 15^th to 85^th day after lambing, the milk yield of the ewes was determined every 10 days by using weight difference method; the birth weight and 90-day-old weight of the lambs were measured, and the daily weight gain of the lambs within the 90 days of age was calculated. The differences in the above indicators between experimental group and control group were statistically assessed.The results showed that during the supplementary feeding experiment, no significant （P>0.05） difference in the total weight gain between experimental group and control group was observed, the weight loss of the ewes in experimental group was 1.71% lower than that of the ewes in control group; there were no significant （P>0.05） differences in blood routine indices and serum biochemical indices between experimental group and control group; during the entire lactation period, the ewes in experimental group had higher milk yield compared to those in control group, and significant （P<0.05 or P<0.01） difference was observed at the 75^th and 85^th day after delivery; compared with the lambs in control group, the 90-day-old weight and the daily weight gain within the 90 days of age of the lambs in experimental group were increased （P>0.05）. In summary, the supplemental feeding with concentrated feed in the perinatal period can increase the milk yield of postpartum grazing Mongolian ewes and improve the daily weight gain of lambs.