输氧对拉萨白鸡种蛋和藏鸡种蛋孵化影响的研究

为研究输氧对拉萨白鸡种蛋和藏鸡种蛋孵化效果的影响,选用5世代拉萨白鸡种蛋、尼木藏鸡种蛋、山南藏鸡种蛋进行孵化,于孵化过程及孵化结束时测定各品种鸡种蛋的相关孵化指标。结果表明:与输氧条件下相比,拉萨白鸡种蛋和尼木藏鸡种蛋在不输氧条件下的蛋重、初生重和初生重占入孵蛋重的百分比均更高,而山南藏鸡种蛋在不输氧条件下的蛋重、初生重和初生重占入孵蛋重的百分比均较低;拉萨白鸡种蛋、尼木藏鸡种蛋、山南藏鸡种蛋在输氧时的入孵蛋孵化率比不输氧时分别高29.40%、35.01%、14.72%;拉萨白鸡种蛋、尼木藏鸡种蛋、山南藏鸡种蛋在输氧时的受精蛋孵化率比不输氧时分别高31.55%、39.49%、11.91%。综上表明,缺氧是高原优良种质资源鸡种蛋孵化率低的最主要的因素,该研究为今后提高高原环境下种蛋的孵化效果提供了参考。

Effects of Oxygen Providing and Non-providing on Breeding Eggs Hatching of Lhasa White Chickens and Tibetan Chickens

In order to investigate the effects of oxygen providing on breeding eggs hatching efficacy of Lhasa white chickens and Tibetan chickens,the breeding eggs of the fifth generation of Lhasa white chickens,Nimu Tibetan chickens and Shannan Tibetan chickens were selected to perform a hatching trial,and the indicators associated with hatching efficacy of the breeding eggs of different chicken varieties during and at the end of the hatching process were determined and compared.The results showed that higher egg wight,birth weight and the ratio of birth weight to hatched egg weight was observed in Lhasa white chickens and Nimu Tibetan chickens under the oxygen non-providing condition compared to the oxygen providing condition,however,the opposite results were observed in Shannan Tibetan chickens.When oxygen was provided,the hatching rate of incubated eggs of Lhasa white chickens,Nimu Tibetan chickens and Shannan Tibetan chickens were 29.40%,35.01%and 14.72%higher than those under the oxygen non-providing condition.Under the oxygen providing condition,the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of Lhasa white chickens,Nimu Tibetan chickens and Shannan Tibetan chickens were 31.55%,39.49%and 11.91%higher than those when oxygen providing was absent.In conclusion,hypoxia is the most important factor that limits the improvement of hatching rate of breeding eggs of elite germplasm resources of chickens in plateau.Our results may provide a theoretical reference for improving the hatching rate of breeding eggs under plateau condition.