基于VMS的我国捕捞渔船出海时间与航程量化分析

近海捕捞渔船在各渔场的出海时间与航程量化数据是渔业管理中的参考信息,本文根据船舶监控系统2018年2.5万余艘海洋捕捞机动渔船的12.87亿条船位数据,利用渔场格网与渔船轨迹的拓扑关系,设计了捕捞渔船出海累计时间与航程计算方法,统计出累计时间3439 万h,累计航程25512 万km,分析结果显示：各省出海作业渔船主要分布在其沿海附近渔场,累计时间和航程近海高于远海。辽宁省、山东省、浙江省、广西区的捕捞渔船的累计时间值存在两个峰值与谷值,辽宁省、山东省两省与浙江和广西区相比1～3月累计时间明显偏低。量化方法与统计结果可辅助于渔业限额捕捞管理。

Quantitative analysis of cruise duration and range of Chinese fishing vessels based on VMS

The topological relationship between the fishing ground grids and the trajectory of the fishing vessels were used. A calculation method for the cumulative time and cruise of fishing vessel was designed. The cumulative time was 34.39 million hours. The total voyage is 255.12 million km. The fishing vessels in the provinces were mainly distributed in the fishing grounds near them. The fishing vessels in Liaoning Province have a narrow and long distribution from north to south. There are two centers for the distribution of fishing vessels in Shandong Province, one is Lianqingshi Fishing Ground and Haizhou Bay Fishing Ground in the East China Sea, and the other is Laizhou Bay Fishing Ground in the Bohai Sea. Fishing vessels in Zhejiang Province has one center. It is Yushan Fishing Ground and Zhoushan Fishing Ground. There are two centers in the distribution of fishing vessels in Guangxi, one is the North of Beibu Gulf fishing ground and the other is the Northwest of Nansha fishing ground. The cumulative time values of fishing vessels in Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangxi all show two valleys, one in February and the other in May-August. There are two peaks, one is from March to April, and the other is from September to November. The cumulative time of Liaoning and Shandong provinces is obviously lower than that of Zhejiang and Guangxi provinces from January to March. The fishing vessels in China are mainly small-sized, and the proportion of large and medium-sized fishing vessels is low. The fishing grounds with higher cumulative value are mainly located in offshore waters. The data quantification and analysis methods and research results in this paper provide valuable reference for China"s fishery quota fishing management. The accumulated time and voyage of fishing vessels in provinces, cities and fishing grounds were analyzed. The fishing vessels in each province were mainly distributed in nearby fishing grounds. The cumulative time and voyage of fishing grounds in offshore waters are higher than that in distant waters. Quantitative methods and statistical results can be used in fishery quota management.