四种植物纤维粉/聚丙烯复合材料应用性能

为了充分利用农作物及农业废弃物中的植物纤维，研究环境友好材料，研究了4种植物纤维粉/聚丙烯复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量等力学性能，并对其吸水和热变形性能进行了分析。结果表明：麦秆粉与稻壳粉混合纤维粉填充聚丙烯时，复合材料有较好的性能；稻壳粉、混合纤维粉及松木粉分别填充聚丙烯复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度相差不大；竹粉填充聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能较低，吸水性及加热后尺寸变化率较大，综合性能较差。稻壳粉与聚丙烯相容性较好，竹粉和松木粉与聚丙烯的相容性较差。稻壳粉、混合纤维粉能与聚丙烯制备性能较好的木塑复合材料。

Performances of polypropylene composite material filled with four kinds of plant fiber powders

In order to utilize plant fibers of crops and agricultural wastes, and to research on environmental friendly material, four kinds of plant fiber powder/ polypropylene composites were prepared. The tensile strength, blexural strength and blexural modulus of the composites were evaluated, and the water absorption and pyrocondensation of the materials were investigated. The results showed that the polypropylene composite filled with straw and rice husk hybrid powder had good mechanical properties, tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites filled with rice husk powder or wood powder or straw and rice husk hybrid powder had little difference. Bamboo powder/polypropylene composites had poor performance, low mechanical properties, and large water absorption and heating rate of change. Rice husk powder and polypropylene composites had better consistency, and bamboo or wood powder was compatible poorly with the polypropylene. The properties of composites decreased, and the composites had brittle destruction. Rice husk powder, mixed powder of rice husk and straw, and polypropylene can be made for the wood-plastic composite material with better properties.