Implementing irrigation: Salt and nitrate exported from the Lerma basin (Spain) |
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| Authors: | R Abrahao J Causapé I García-Garizábal D Merchán |
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| Institution: | 1. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago IDIS, Spain;2. Hospital Universitario Vall d''Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain;3. Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;4. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain;5. Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain;6. Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain;7. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain;8. Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Sevilla, Spain;9. Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain;10. Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain;11. Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain;12. Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Spain;13. Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain;14. Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Spain;15. Clínica Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain;p. Hospital Universitario General de Valencia, Valencia, Spain;q. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs, Av. de la Innovación S/N, 18016 Granada, Spain;1. Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;2. Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, OH 44555, USA;3. Department of Geological Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;4. Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, 740 West Shoreline Drive, Muskegon, MI 49441, USA;5. Center for Water Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA |
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| Abstract: | The creation of a new irrigated area influences the pollutants exported from the zone and, consequently, the quality of receiving water bodies. The aim of this study was to analyze the masses of the main pollutants exported by an area before and during its gradual transformation into irrigated land. To this end, salinity balances were carried out and the nitrate exported from the Lerma basin (752 ha, Spain) was quantified during 2004–2008. The agroenvironmental impact was evaluated through the use of pollution indices. The results revealed that the transformation of the area into irrigated land decreased salinity and increased nitrate concentration in drainage. The increase in the volume of drainage increased the masses of salt and nitrate exported, which in turn increased pollution indices during the transition. However, these indices were still lower than those quantified in other irrigated lands and therefore can still be considered to be of low contamination level. This study demonstrates the important environmental influence of introducing irrigation to an area, as pollution levels change and become mainly dependent on the management of irrigation and nitrogenous fertilization. For this reason, it is highly desirable to promote the optimization of agricultural management in a way that minimizes its impact. |
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