新疆额尔齐斯河天然林生物量分布特征的研究

采用标准地法、树干解析法和经验模型分析方法,研究了额尔齐斯河天然林6种林分的群落生物量分布特征,揭示了主要树种的营养器官生物量分布,群落生物量在乔木层、灌木层、草本层和凋落物层垂直分布规律和在河岸环境梯度上水平分布规律,结果表明:①6种林分各器官平均生物量变化范围依次为:树干59.485~100.697 t/hm2,树皮7.649~19.434 t/hm2,树枝6.366~40.208 t/hm2,树叶1.834~5.694 t/hm2,树根11.820~46.265 t/hm2;②苦杨、额河杂交杨、银白杨和白柳的树干、树皮、树根、树枝、树叶及全树生物量与胸径之间均存在显著的乘幂式相关关系,相关方程为:M=aDb(R2=0.884~0.984);③群落生物量垂直方向的排序为乔木层>灌木层>草本层>枯落物层,呈"倒金字塔型"分布;④随着与河道距离的增加,群落生物量呈现两头小中间高的单峰形式。

Study on Biomass Distribution Characteristics of Natural Forest in Ergis River, Xinjiang

In order to reveal the distribution characteristics of community biomass along the horizontal environmental gradients or among the vertical layers of communities in Ergis river,this paper studied the biomass distribution characteristics of 6 forest stands,several analysis methords are used such as study plot,trunk analysis and experience model.The results showed that variation range of average organs biomass are in order trunk 59.485～100.697 t·hm-2,bark 7.649～19.434 t·hm-2,branch 6.366～40.208t·hm-2,leaf 1.834～5.694 t·hm-2,root 11.820～46.265 t·hm-2.All existent significant power correlation between each organs biomass of P.laurifolia,P.jrtyschensis,P.alba,S.alba and DBH,correlated equation is M=aDb(R2=0.884～0.984).Vertical distribution of community biomass in order tree layer>shrub layer>herb layer>litter layer showed inverted pyramid shape.Community biomass presented a unimodal form of increasing before decreasing with the distance increasing from the river channel.