紫心甘薯徐紫薯3号主要性状和生物产量动态变化规律分析

目的]研究徐紫薯3号生长时期的性状变化及其性状之间的相关性、并探明生物产量动态变化规律,有利于通过栽培措施进一步提高该品种的产量和花青素含量。方法]对徐紫薯3号在6个时期的田间性状、品质性状以及生物产量进行系统测定,对该品种的主要性状与产量变化规律进行了探讨。结果]徐紫薯3号主要性状除花青素含量外,最盛时期一般出现在90 d以后,其中地上部干率(叶柄干率、叶片干率和茎干率)之间,以及与还原糖含量、单株薯块重两两之间都表现出显著甚至极显著正相关水平。徐紫薯3号栽插后90 d内的同化产物分配于茎叶较多,分配于块根较少,而在90 d以后虽然光合能力和净同化率逐渐下降,但分配于块根的同化产物迅速上升,并到135 d时达到最大值。结论]徐紫薯3号是一个多肥适应型的晚熟品种,并且其花青素积累过程属于波动变化型。因此,可以通过合理增加施肥量和延长其生育期来提高徐紫薯3号的产量,并在栽苗后60 d内,通过调节温度、光照、水分,以及植物激素处理等方法来提高其花青素含量。

Analysis on the Essential Characters and Biological Yield Change of Purple-fleshed Sweetpotato Xuzishu 3

Objective] This study was performed to investigate the trait changes and their correlations as wel as the dynamic changes of biological yield of Xuzishu 3, which wil help to enhance the yield and anthocyanin content of sweetpotato by cul-tivation. Method] We systematical y measured the agronomic traits, qualitative char-acters and biological yield of Xuzishu 3 during six growing periods to investigate the dynamic changes of its essential characters and yield accumulation. Result] The characters of Xuzishu 3 appeared most prosperous after the 90th d except for an-thocyanin content. Extremely significant positive correlations were found between ev-ery two of the dry matter rates of above-ground parts （including leaf petioles, leaves and stems）, reducing sugar content and potato weight per plant. Assimilated product distributed more in stems and leaves than in storage roots before the 90th d in growing period. Photosynthetic capacity and net assimilation rate gradual y de-creased after the 90th d, but the assimilated product distributing to storage roots in-creased quickly and maximized in the 135th d. Conclusion] Xuzishu 3 is a late ma-turing variety requiring more fertilizer, and the accumulation of anthocyanin fluctuates during the growth period of Xuzishu 3. So yield of Xuzishu 3 can be increased by applying more fertilizer and extending the growth period reasonably, meanwhile the anthocyanin content can be increased by means of control ing temperature, light, water and phytohormone within 60 d after planting.