脲醛树脂与纳米二氧化硅复合改善木材性能的研究

为提高三倍体毛白杨木材的多项性能，该研究以脲醛(UF)树脂和纳米SiO2为主要改性剂，并使用偶联剂和阻燃剂，制成5种木材处理剂，利用减压—加压的方法浸渍处理杨木，并通过加热使处理剂在木材中固化，制成UF-SiO2Wood复合材料．以尺寸稳定性、阻燃性、抗吸水性和硬度作为主要指标对复合材料的性能进行评价，考察了处理剂对杨木性能的影响．结果表明，此5种处理剂均能提高木材的抗吸水性、阻燃性，并显著提高了木材的硬度，纳米SiO2的添加对木材硬度的提高有显著作用；除UF-CSiO2共缩聚物外，其他4种处理剂均不同程度地提高了木材的尺寸稳定性．UF与纳米SiO2复合处理杨木可以提高杨木的综合性能． 

Improvement of wood properties by urea-formaldehyde resin and nano-SiO2

In order to improve properties of triploid clones of Populus tomentosa,urea-formaldehyde(UF) resin was compounded with nano-SiO-2,coupling agents and flame retardants in different ways to prepare five kinds of modifiers.The poplar wood samples were impregnated with the modifiers and heated to prepare UF-SiO-2-wood composites.The antiswelling efficiency,oxygen index,and hardness of the composites were measured.Results showed that all of the modifiers reduced water absorption of poplar wood and enhanced its flame resistance and hardness.Nano-SiO-2 showed a marked effect in improving the hardness of wood.In addition,all of the modifiers except UF-C-SiO-2-polymer could improve the dimensional stability of poplar wood.The compound of UF resin and nano-SiO-2 could improve general properties of poplar wood.