氮素营养对黄土高原旱地玉米产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响

20022003年在陇东旱塬的甘肃省农科院镇原旱农试验基地秋覆膜玉米地上进行了不同施氮量对旱地玉米产量、品质及水分利用效率影响试验。结果表明,不同年份氮肥用量对不同类型玉米品种产量均有极显著差异,但同一年份不同类型玉米品种或不同年份同一类型玉米品种产量无显著性差异。玉米产量随着施氮量的增加而提高,且每公斤氮肥增产量、水分利用效率(WUE)、光合速率(Pn)等均以中氮(N.180.kg/hm2)时最大。在中等氮肥水平以下,玉米子粒粗脂肪、粗蛋白和淀粉含量随施氮量的增加而提高,同时,歉水年份有利于容重、粗蛋白和淀粉的累积。

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield, quality and water use efficiency of corn in dryland of Loess Plateau

Nitrogen fertilizers of plastic-film corn were conducted at Zhenyuan Dryland Experiment Base during 2002─2003.The results showed that the impact of nitrogen fertilizer on corn yield presented a highly significantly difference between different years,but there was no stataistically difference in grain yield difference between various types of corn in same year or same cultivated corn in different years.The yield increased with nitrogen application rates,and grain yield increase from one per kg N,water use efficiency and photosynthetic rate(Pn) were obtained when N was applied at a rate of 180 kg/ha.However,fat,protein and starch content in corn were improved with nitrogen application rate increase till 180 kg/ha.In addition,water stress was in favor of volume weight increase and the accumulation of protein and starch.