乌兰布和沙漠植被及其保护

乌兰布和沙漠降雨稀少,生态环境脆弱,有种子植物49科169属312种,以蒙古种、戈壁—蒙古种、戈壁种以及古地中海区系的荒漠成分占主导地位;自然植被为亚洲中部荒漠区与草原区的分界线,主要有梭梭、柠条、白刺和油蒿、沙冬青＋白刺＋油蒿、白刺＋红砂、白刺＋霸王＋油蒿、籽蒿＋沙竹、芦苇、白刺＋芨芨草等9类群丛。由于不合理的利用,草场植被逐年退化,正朝着极度荒漠化演变。对植被状况和平缓沙丘及半固定、半流动沙地等不同立地条件的草地,应因地制宜,造（林）封（育）飞（播）结合,开展综合治理,恢复植被,遏制沙漠化加重的趋势。

Desert Vegetation in Wulanbuhe and Protection Measures

Wulanbuhe Desert has less rainfall and fragile ecological environment,the plants of which belong to 312 species,169 genuses,and 49 families.The plants community dominated by Mogolia species,Mogolia-Gobi species,Gobi species and Mediterranean desert species.The nature vegetation in this area is the boundary of Middle-Asia desert and grassland,mainly 9 types of shrub community: Haloxylon ammodendron,Caragana,Nitraria schoberi,and Artemisia ordosica,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus Nitraria schoberi Artemisia ordosica,Nitraria schoberi Reaumuria soongorica, Nitraria schoberi Zygophyllum xanthozylum Arternisia ordosica,Artemisia sieversiana Psammochlea villosa,Arundo donax,Nitraria schoberi Achnatherum splendens.Due to the unrea- sonable utilization,the grassland is severely degraded towards desertification.Measures should be taken to check the degradation process according the situations of vegetations as well as the grassland in flat sand dunes and mobile or semi-stable sand dunes.