自然保护区与自然保护区学

本文综述了国内外自然保护区的发展历史和现状；提出了自然保护区学这一新概念；系统地论述了自然保护区学的理论基础、研究内容和方法，以及今后的展望。

Nature Reserve and the Study of Nature Reserve

In 1964 the Yosemite Valley in Calformia,USA was designated as a naturereserve.Since the Dreve has developed rapidly.In 1991,the various nature reserves inthe world totaled 5,289 with an area of 529 million ha,being 4% of the land area of the whole world.280 of them were included in the protection network of the world biosphere.This paper is mainly focused on the study of nature reserve---a new branch of comprehensive and interdisciplinary frontier science.It studies how the natural resources were devastated resulting in crises,how the biological diversity was intervened and adversely affected,and finds out the ways for its protection and effective management.In its theoretical basis are incorporated the essential theory of insular biogeography,the vulnerability analysis ofthe populations,the ecological approach of landscape,cpmputer technology,views of economic ecology and information management.On this basis it studies the resources survey,programming and design,division of functional areas,principles,criteria and methods ofclassification,dynamic analysis of population,benefit appraisal and management system asthe main contents and principles of nature reserve.