青海云杉强化育苗技术研究

研究了光照时间、温度和生长激素对青海云杉幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,加光处理对青海云杉播种苗的苗高、叶片数、新梢长、侧芽数有显著影响;通过光照处理,可以阻滞云杉的早期封顶,加光处理苗木除根系长外,其余各生长性状均显著优于不加光对照;温室加光1年生苗高显著高于当地苗圃露地3年生和大棚2年生苗高,说明温室内的加光和加温措施对青海云杉的苗高生长有显著促进作用;床上不加光容器苗(CK)的新梢长、侧芽数和叶片数大于地上不加光直播苗,表明地温也是影响云杉生长的一个非常重要的因素;青海云杉温室内1年生强化苗的苗高已超过传统露地苗圃3年生苗木,种苗比常规育苗制度提早3～4年出圃;GA3和6-BA均有促进苗高生长的效果,其最佳浓度为1g/kg6-BA和10g/kgGA3。

Study on techniques of accelerating spruce seedling growth

Effects of light period,temperature and growth hormone on the growth of picea crassifolia's seedlings were studied.The result showed that light compensating treatment had remarkable influence on seedling height,needle numbers,fresh tip length and numbers of lateral bud of Picea crassifolia.By the light treatment,we could make the seedling grow without ceasing in the early time of juvenile period.Besides root length,other growth characters of seedlings with light treatment were better than those without light treatment.We found that one-year seedlings in greenhouse with light compensating treatment were much higher than three-year seedlings in nursery and two-year seedlings in glasshouse.So light compensating treatment had a notable effect on the height growth of Picea crassifolia's seedlings in greenhouse.The fresh tip length,numbers of lateral bud and needle numbers of seedlings without light compensation on bed were bigger than those on ground without light compensation.It showed that the temperature of soil was also a very important factor on the growth of spruce.Now the height of one-year seedlings by enforcement breeding in greenhouse was already higher than three-year seedlings by traditional breeding method in nursery,and the seedlings were 3 or 4 years grown earlier than before.GA₃ and 6-BA could both accelerate the height growth of seedlings,and the optimal concentrations were 1 g/kg 6-BA and 10 g/kg GA₃.