春甘蓝育种材料主要农艺性状主成分分析与聚类分析

目的]通过对春甘蓝亲本材料的主要农艺性状的遗传分析,可以较好地掌握春甘蓝主要性状的遗传规律,为高效率开展重要目标性状的改良提供科学依据。方法]试验通过对10个春甘蓝育种材料的9个农艺性状进行变异分析、相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果]变异分析结果表明,10个试材的变异系数在 7 %~26 %之间,其中,中心柱长、球长、株高和单球重的变异系数较大,分别为 26 %、13 %、12 %和 12 %,球宽的变异系数最小,为7 %；相关分析结果表明,中心柱长与其他8个农艺性状的相关程度依次为：株高＞球长＞外叶长＞开展度＞外叶宽＞单球重＞球宽＞外叶数；主成分分析,按累积贡献率≥85 %的标准,前4个主成分累计贡献率达93.76 %；聚类分析结果表明,将10个育种材料分为3个群体,第Ⅰ群体包含S1和S10,第Ⅱ群体包含S2、S3、S4、S8和S9,第Ⅲ群体包含S5、S6和S7,各群体间产量差异比较明显,在育种中应根据育种目标综合考虑。结论]通过亲本选配和相关的选择,为育种工作提供理论基础,提高选择育种的效率。

Main Agronomic Traits of Spring Cabbage Breeding Materials: Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis

To provide a basis for the target trait improvement of spring cabbage, the variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted based on 9 agronomic characters of 10 spring cabbage breeding materials. The results showed that the variation coefficient of core length was the highest and the ball width was the lowest. The correlation between the core length and the other 8 agronomic traits was as follows: plant height > head length > length of outer leaf > plant breadth > width of outer leaf > head weight >head diameter>number of outer leaf. The accumulation contribution rate of the top four principal components was up to 93.76%. Cluster analysis divided 10 breeding materials into 3 groups, groupI included S1 and S10, groupII included S2, S3, S4, S8 and S9, group III included S5, S6 and S7, and the differences among the groups were obvious. The principal component and cluster analysis could be used to analyze and comprehensively evaluate the agronomic traits of spring cabbage, to screen out excellent parental materials and provide a basis for breeding.