复合菌剂对青贮玉米营养成分及其饲喂滩羊效果的研究

筛选复配适合宁夏地区的青贮微生物菌剂,可解决在青贮自然发酵过程中,青贮玉米营养损失多且易发霉等问题。本研究对从宁夏中部干旱区自然发酵的青贮玉米饲料中分离鉴定的1株乳酸菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)和1株酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)进行性能测定,复配后形成复合菌剂并进行45 d的大型窖贮青贮发酵试验,设置不添加菌剂和添加商业菌剂的青贮饲料为对照组。营养成分测定结果显示,与不加菌剂和添加商业菌剂的对照组相比,经复合菌剂处理后饲料中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维显著下降(P0.05),干物质和粗脂肪含量显著增加(P0.05),粗蛋白含量变化不显著。为期75 d的滩羊肥育饲喂和5 d的消化代谢试验表明,对照组与试验组滩羊的日均采食量差异显著(P0.05),平均日增重、末重、料重比差异不显著。试验组滩羊对青贮玉米饲料中粗蛋白、粗脂肪表观消化率显著提高(P0.05),中性洗涤纤维表观消化率提高,对酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率影响不显著。结果表明,复合菌剂显著改善了青贮玉米饲料的品质,复合菌剂发酵的饲料玉米对滩羊生长有良好的促进作用。

Testing the performance of compound microbial additives in silage maize nutrients and the effect of feeding Tan sheep

Silage can be affected by a variety of factors during fermentation, which reduce its feed and fattening qualities. We selected and combined silage microbial additives to address the problems that occur during the natural fermentation of silage maize, such as nutrient loss and mold. The performance of a compound of one strain of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus) and one strain of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), which were isolated from mixed silage maize collected in multiple spots in the central arid area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, were tested. The compound lactic acid bacteria-yeast strain microbial additive was inoculated into silage maize; at the same time, silage without and with commercial microbial additives were set as the control group. The nutritional composition was determined after a 45-d fermentation period. The results indicated that the neutral detergent fibers (NDF) and acid detergent fibers (ADF) of the feed decreased significantly after treatment with compound microbial additives, while the dry matter content and ether extract (EE) increased significantly. The degradation of crude protein (CP) was slightly inhibited, although this was not significantly different to the control. The 75-d fattening study and 5-d digestive and metabolic experiments for Tan sheep showed that the average daily feed intake significantly increased, while the difference in the average daily grain, final weight and ratio of feed to gain were not statistically significant. During the course of fattening, the final body weight, average daily gain, and feed efficiency increased. Then, the digestive and metabolic experiments for Tan sheep were showing that the apparent digestibility for CP and EE were significant increased. NDF tends to increased, while the different in the apparent digestibility of ADF was statistically insignificant. Thus, it is clear that the compound microbial additives noticeably improved the feed quality of silage and that silage maize inoculated with compound microbial additives facilitated the growth performance of Tan sheep.