新疆不同刈割期对春性大麦干草产量和青贮品质影响的研究

为了探明春性大麦在新疆地区作为青贮饲料的最佳刈割时间,以垦啤麦13、P13-3和甘啤4号为研究对象,分析不同刈割期（抽穗期、灌浆期、灌浆10d和蜡熟期）干物质产量、营养品质和青贮品质。结果表明,随着刈割期的推迟,垦啤麦13和P13-3干物质含量和干草产量显著增加,P13-3蜡熟期干草产量显著高于其他时期,参试的3个品种（系）中P13-3在蜡熟期干草产量最大,达到14 731.46kg/hm ²。随着刈割期的推后,3个春性大麦品种（系）干草中粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量呈下降趋势,垦啤麦13和P13-3的中性洗涤纤维含量逐渐上升。随着刈割时间的推迟,大麦青贮后乳酸、乙酸和丁酸含量呈下降趋势,垦啤麦13和P13-3在灌浆10d后青贮其发酵品质显著高于抽穗期和灌浆期。因此,从产量和品质两方面综合考虑,新疆地区春性大麦最佳青贮刈割时间为灌浆10d。

Influence of Mowing Stages on Hay Yield and Fermentation Quality of Spring Barley

In order to determine the optimal mowing stages for spring barley as a silage in Xinjiang, the experiment was carried out to determine the effects of mowing stages (heading stage, filling stage, filling for 10 days, dough stage) on dry matter yield, nutritive value, and fermentation quality of 3 spring barley cultivars (lines). The results showed that dry matter yield and dry matter content of barley significantly increased with Kenpimai13 and P13-3. Hay yield of P13-3 mowed at dough stage was the highest which reached the maximum of 14 731.46kg/hm ². The contents of crude protein and crude fat decreased and the contents of neutral detergent fiber in Kenpimai13 and P13-3 increased gradually with the delay of moving. The contents of lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid decreased after barley stage. The fermentation quality of Kenpimai13 and P13-3 of filling for 10 days was significantly higher than that at heading stage and filling stage. Therefore, in consideration of yield and quality, the best silage cutting time of spring barley in Xinjiang was filling for 10 days.