播期对川中丘陵区油菜倒伏性状的影响

油菜机械化生产中,植株倒伏是影响机械化收获的重要因素。为探讨不同播种期对川中丘陵区油菜倒伏性状的影响,以川油36和蓉油18为供试材料,分别设置9月22日、9月29日、10月6日、10月13日和10月20日5个播期处理,分析不同播期条件下油菜生育期气象因子、倒伏性状指标的变化情况。结果表明,随播种期推迟,油菜生育期内的降水量、积温、日均最高气温、日均最低气温和日照时长均逐渐下降,生育期逐渐缩短,成熟期植株株高、分枝部位、根颈粗、茎秆粗降低,倒伏系数增加。油菜抗倒伏能力在9月22-29日播期处理之间最强。因此,川中丘陵区油菜的适宜播期为9月下旬。

Effects of Sowing Date on Lodging Traits of Rape in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin,China

Plant lodging is an important factor in mechanized harvesting of rape. This experiment explored the effects of different sowing dates on lodging traits of rape in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin. Chuanyou 36 and Rongyou 18 were used as test materials. Five sowing dates were set up on September 22, September 29, October 6, October 13 and October 20. The changes of meteorological factors and lodging characters in rape growth period under different sowing dates were analyzed. The results showed that with the delay of sowing date, the precipitation, accumulated temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature and sunshine duration decreased gradually leading to the shortened growth period of different rape varieties. The plant height, branch height, root neck diameter, stem diameter decreased and lodging coefficient increased. The lodging resistance of rape was the strongest at the sowing date between September 22 and 29. It could be concluded that the suitable sowing date of rape in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin was late September.