小麦品种边行优势和内行表现对小区产量的影响

小区产量是小麦育种中重要的评价指标。边行优势和内行表现对小区产量影响很大,明确不同品种间边行优势和内行表现的差异,对科学评价品种产量水平有重要意义。选取黄淮冬麦区南片株高相近的半冬性半矮秆小麦品种周麦18、华育198、郑育8号和百农207进行小区试验,分别以边行、内行和小区为收获计产方式,研究不同品种的边行优势和内行表现对小区产量的影响。结果显示,4个品种的边行产量均高于内行产量;除周麦18外,其余3个品种边行与内行间的产量差异均达显著水平。边行产量和小区产量由高到低的品种排序皆为百农207、郑育8号、华育198和周麦18;内行产量由高到低的品种排序为华育198、百农207、郑育8号和周麦18。不同小麦品种在小区试验中边行优势和内行表现会对品种产量评价产生很大影响,在小麦品种选育及推广栽培过程中应予以充分考虑。

Effects of Side-Row Marginal Advantage and Inner-Row Performance on Plot Yield and Yield Components of Wheat

Plot yield is an important evaluation factor in wheat breeding process. The marginal advantage effect impacts on plot yield, so it is important to understand the difference of marginal advantage effects between different wheat varieties to evaluate yield performance of a wheat variety. In this study, four facultative and semi-dwarf wheat varieties with similar plant heights, i.e., Zhoumai 18, Huayu 198, Zhengyu 8, and Bainong 207, from Southern Huang-Huai Rivers Valley Winter Wheat Zone, were used in a plot trial. The yields of side-rows, middle-rows and plot were studied to determine the marginal effects and middle-row performance. The side-row yield of the four varieties were greater than that of the middle rows. Except for Zhoumai 18, the side-row yield of other three varieties were significantly greater than that of middle rows. The yields were calculated on the side-row and plot basis, respectively. The rank of all varieties based on the yield of plot and yield of side-row was Bainong 207, Zhengyu 8, Huayu 198, Zhoumai 18. The yield rank was Huayu 198, Bainong 207, Zhengyu 8, Zhoumai 18 when the yields were calculated by inner-row. The rank of different wheat varieties in the plot yield were affected by the marginal advantage effects and middle-row performance of the varieties. In the process of wheat breeding and cultivation, the marginal effect and the middle-row performance of different varieties should be fully considered.