国内外银杏核用栽培及利用现状

近些年来,银杏栽培已得到国内外高度重视,作者结合几年来的科研、生产及国内外科技信息对银杏种子生长发育、核用品种、丰产栽培、整形修剪、种实生产、加工及利用的现状进行了系统论述,并对我国核用品种栽培及利用的现状进行了探讨.

Review of the Silviculture and Kernel Utilization of Ginkgo biloba L.

A review is made in this paper of the silviculture and kernel utilization of Ginkgo biloba L.in China,Japan and Korea.In the world,at present,the total production of gingko kernel is estimated to be 13.0 million kg in which up to 11.81 million kg and 0.4 million kg are produced by China and Japan,respectively.It was found that the formulation of gametophyte was closely correlated,prior to fertilization,with the accumulation of starch,lipids and lipoprotein,and that gametophyte was capable of synthesizing chlorophyll and GA and CK existed in the development of seed.In China,pollination of gingko takes place during the period from 15～20 April,however,fertilization is finished by August 20,and seed gets mature,both morphologically and physiologically,from September 20 to November 20.There are a number of good cultivators developed in Japan and China due to tree breeding and selection.The conditions for seed storage are temperature 0.5℃,the concentration of O₂ and CO₂ at 3%～5% and 5%～10% and humidity 80%～90%.Techniques for kernel production was also dicussed in this paper.