旅游活动对泰山登山中路植物群落种类组成及多样性的影响

泰山是我国第一批世界自然与文化双遗产单位，2007年被批准为世界地质公园。运用丰富度指数、物种多样性指数和均匀度指数，结合方差分析研究了旅游干扰对泰山登山中路四种群落类型物种多样性的影响及其变化规律。结果表明：⑴旅游干扰造成了群落物种丰富度的降低。⑵不同等级植物主要优势种的相对盖度和相对密度发生了不同程度的变化,干扰等级越轻，伴人植物的相对盖度和相对密度越小，个别物种甚至消失，如萹蓄（Polygonum aviculare）。⑶旅游干扰对乔木植物和灌木植物物种多样性的影响不显著，对草本植物的影响明显。随着干扰等级的降低，物种丰富度和物种多样性指数略有增加，在2级时达到最大值。⑷旅游干扰降低乔木和灌木植物的更新种类、数量和频度。鉴于目前旅游活动对泰山登山中路群落植物多样性的干扰程度，建议应在开展旅游的同时，加强资源的保护和可持续利用。

Tourist effect on species composition and diversity of plant community in the middle way of Mountain Taishan

Taishan is the first of China’s World Natural and Cultural bouble inheritance units have been approved for the 2007 World Geopark.By using richness indexes,eveness indexes and diversity indexes, the change tency and regularity of the plant diversity of four communities in the middle way of Taishan influenced by tourism interference were studied,along with ANOVA.The results were as follows (1) Tourism interference caused by the species richness of the community to reduce (2) In spite of the variation of the relative coverage and the relative dendity of main dominants were not significant, the regularity of variation showed that the different Grades correspondes to higher relative coverade and density of the dominant species,individual species even disappear, For example, the Polygonum aviculare (3) The difference of tourism effect on tree layer and shrub layer was not significant (p>0.05) by using ANOVA,.With the decrease of the different grades, the richness indexes and the diversity indices raised, Maximizing during the period of 2 grades (4) Tourism reduce the degree of tree and shrub plant’s renewa species、quantities and frequency. Based on the disturbance degree of tourism on plant diversity in the middle of Mount Tai, some management strategies are proposed for the development of tourism and for plant resource conservation and its utilization.