毛竹林高效经营几种模式初探

近年来，竹产业受国际、国内市场和加工产业二次自主创新不足等多重因素的影响，竹材价格持续下滑，鲜笋市场价格低迷，竹农收入大大降低，加上劳动力成本持续增加，竹产业走入了前所未有的低谷，有的竹农开始放弃竹林经营，甚至出现毁竹种茶等问题。文章通过选取多个竹笋经营大户的毛竹林作为试验基地，从样地选择、作业措施、技术要点等方面进行了深入研究，分析对照不同培育方式对竹笋产量的影响，同时结合湖州市近年来对竹子培育的探索与实践经验，提出“冬笋型技术模式”、“春笋早出型技术模式”、“鞭笋型技术模式”等3种毛竹林丰产、高效、可持续经营模式，供山区毛竹林经营者参考、借鉴。

Research on Several High-Efficiency Management Models of Moso Bamboo Forest

In recent years, bamboo industry has been influenced by multiple factors including international and domestic market dynamic as well as the lack of innovation in bamboo processing. As the result, the prices of bamboo timber and fresh bamboo shoot continued to decline, and the incomes of bamboo farmers decrease. Given the additional fact that the labor cost has increased, the bamboo industry is now at its bottom. Some bamboo farmers began to terminate the management of bamboo forest, some of whom even decided to grow tea instead. In this paper, the authors chose the bamboo forests managed by a number of leading bamboo growers as the test base to make an in-depth analysis of site selection, operation measures and the technical points, and compare and analyze the impacts of different cultivation methods on bamboo shoots yield. Based on the recent exploration and practical experience of Huzhou City on bamboo cultivation, 3 models of sustainable, fast-growing and high-yield management method were put forward, i.e., the winter bamboo shoot technology model, the early-sprouting spring bamboo shoot technology model and the rhizome shoot technology model, which could be referenced and learned by moso bamboo forest managers in the mountainous areas.