枯草芽胞杆菌YB-05与申嗪霉素复配防治小麦茎基腐病

由假禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium pseudograminearum引起的小麦茎基腐病是一种重要的土传病害，生产上亟需一种安全有效的防控方法。本研究利用枯草芽胞杆菌YB-05与申嗪霉素复配，并评价该复配制剂对小麦茎基腐病的防治效果。结果显示当申嗪霉素浓度低于500 μg/mL时，对YB-05的菌落生长无显著影响；室内盆栽及田间试验表明枯草芽胞杆菌YB-05菌液和1%申嗪霉素悬浮剂按照19：1（vt/vt）复配生物制剂20 mL/kg拌种处理发病最轻，均超过了高剂量的单剂处理（枯草芽胞杆菌YB-05 30 mL/kg拌种处理和1%申嗪霉素2 mL/kg拌种处理）和4.8%适麦丹水悬浮剂2 mL/kg拌种处理，并且具有一定的促生和增产作用。其中，复配制剂室内防治效果为69.8%，在两次的田间调查中防治效果分别为57.8%和45.7%。由此可见，枯草芽胞杆菌与申嗪霉素复配具有协同增效的作用，可以减少化学农药的使用，具有较好的开发利用潜力。

Combination of Bacillus Subtilis YB-05 and Shenqinmycin for Integrated Control of Wheat Crown Rot

Wheat crown rot caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum is an important soil-brone disease and effective control measures are desperately needed. In this study, B. subtilis YB-05 and shenqinmycin were combined and the efficiency of biopesticides to control wheat crown rot was evaluated in the greenhouse and field conditions. The results showed that the colony growth of YB-05 was not impaired by 500 μg/mL shenqinmycin. Greenhouse and field trials demonstrated that treatments with the combination of B. subtilis YB-05 and shenqinmycin showed better control effect than that of the single biocontrol treatment and 4.8% myclobutanil. This treatment also promoted wheat growth and increased wheat yields. The control efficacy of the combined biopesticide was 69.8% in greenhouse, and 57.8% and 45.7% in the two surveys of field, respectively. It is concluded that the combination of B. subtilis YB-05 and shenqinmycin shows synergetic effect and has the potential to be developed as a commercial biopesticide agent aiming at less pesticide application.