春小麦品种资源的遗传研究

通过对不同来源的79份供试品种在长春的6年种植,估算了8个性状的遗传力,并进行了遗传、表型、环境通径分析.结果表明,①来源于黑龙江的30份品种.主穗小穗数品种间差异不显著,对单株产量的直接贡献较大的性状有主穗穗长和株高。②来源于吉林、辽宁、内蒙古的29份品种表现出很强的适应性,对单株产量贡献较大的性状有主穗小穗数、成熟期和千粒重;③来源于北京的20份品种,株高品种间差异不显著,对单株产量贡献较大的性状有成熟期、抽穗期、主穗穗长;④遗传力较大的性状,可用表型相关系数和通径系数代替遗传的相关系数和通径系数.

A GENETIC STUDY OF SPRING WHEAT VARIETY RESOURCES

The heritability of 8 characters from 79 cultivars of different sources was studied through 6-year planting in Changchun. The path analysis of heredity, phonotype and environment was also conducted. The results showed that (1) no significant differences existed in spikelet number of the main spikes among the 30 cultivars from Heilongjiang Province; and the main characters that correlate to single plant yield include main clum length and plant height. (2) A strong adaptation occurred in the 29 cultivars from Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces and Inner-Mongolia. The path analysis showed that the characters of spikelet number, mature period, and l000-kernal weight were better. (3) No significant differences existed among the 20 cultivars from Beijing City. The characters of mature period, heading date and main spike length may be contributive to single plant yield. (4) For the characters of higher heritability, correlative coefficient and path coefficient of phe-notype can be used instead of those of heredity.