Effects of auxin and methyl jasmonate on cut rose petal growth through activation of acid invertase |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran;2. Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;3. Department of Horticultural Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran;1. Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘Demeter’ (NAGREF), P.O. Box 2228, 71003 Heraklio, Greece;2. School of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, GR 71004, Heraklio, Greece;3. Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Årslev, Denmark;4. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China;5. Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China;6. Plant Physiology and Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece;7. IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Institute for Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany;8. Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil;2. College of Agronomic Engineering, Universidade Federal do Pará, Altamira, Para, Brazil;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, IB, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Petal growth associated with flower opening depends on cell expansion caused by water influx. To understand the mechanism of flower opening and to develop a method for improving cut flower quality, we investigated the changes in the amount of soluble carbohydrates and invertase activities in rose (Rosa ‘Meivildo’) petals using attached and cut flowers, and the effects of α-napthylacetic acid (NAA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on cut flowers. Cut rose flowers were harvested at the tight bud stage (TB), or mature bud stage (MB), which is the commercial harvest stage, and 2 days after TB. Cut flowers were immediately treated with deionized water or 1% (w/v) glucose. Fresh weight (FW) and the levels of soluble carbohydrates in petals in cut flowers were lower under postharvest conditions than those of attached flowers during flower opening. Although invertase activities in petals of attached flowers increased drastically during TB and MB, those in the petals harvested at TB did not increase under postharvest conditions. These results suggested that sucrose metabolism, including invertase activity, could be an important factor in cut rose flower opening to a greater extent after harvest. In addition, we tried to control flower opening by affecting invertase activities in petals of cut rose flowers. Cut flowers treated with NAA opened faster and those treated with MeJA opened later than in controls. Levels of soluble carbohydrates and invertase activity in petals were also changed by these treatments. In flowers treated with NAA, activities of both vacuolar and cell wall invertases increased 1 day after treatment and then decreased through to the end of the treatment, although activities in control flowers never increased after harvested. By contrast, cell wall invertase activity in MeJA treated flowers increased 1 day later than with the NAA treatment and remained at a relatively high level until 4 days after treatment compared to the controls. Our results suggest that inducing invertase activity in postharvest conditions may important for the quality of cut roses. |
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| Keywords: | Cut flower quality Enzyme activity Petal growth Plant growth regulators Sucrose metabolism |
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