爪籼交恢复系福恢964的选育与利用研究

阐述了福恢964选育的技术路线和选育过程。用爪哇稻BJ22选作母本，明恢63作父本杂交选育而成的杂交水稻恢复系福恢964，具有农艺性状优异、广亲和性较好、恢复力强、恢复谱广、配合力高、所配组合表现突出等特点。用福恢964配制的组合福优964和昌优964通过了福建省农作物品种审定。说明，利用爪籼杂交方式选育水稻恢复系，以扩大恢复系与不育系的遗传距离，进而实现部分利用亚种间杂种优势、增加每穗总粒数、提高组合的产量和改善稻米品质等方面均取得了显著的效果。福恢964的生育期特性奇特，短日照处理或高温均能显著地缩短其生育期，属于弱感光型、基本营养生长性强、感温性较强的水稻。简要介绍福恢964所配组合的栽培技术要点。展现了进一步利用含有爪哇稻亲源的福恢964为主体亲本，选育超强恢复系，进而配制出超级三系杂交水稻新组合的广阔前景。

Studies on the Breeding and Utilization of Javanica-indica Restorer Line Fuhui 964 in Rice

The breeding tactic and process of Fuhui 964 was expounded in this paper. Fuhui 964, derived from the cross of BJ22 Xuan /Minghui 63, BJ22 Xuan belonging to Javanica , Ming 63 to indica, is a new indica restorer line in rice with excellent agronomic traits , preferably wide compatibility, strong restoring ability , broad restoring spectrum , high combining ability . The performances of hybrids rice from Fuhui 964 were prominent . The hybrids Fuyou 964 (Fuyi A × Fuhui 964) , Changyou 964 (Changfeng A × Fuhui 2009) were examined and approved for release in Fujiang Province in 2000—2005. The results showed that , using the manner of Javanica crossed indica , had acquired remarkable effects , to breed restorer line , to extend the inheritance distance between sterile line and restorer line , to realize partly making use of subspecies heterosis , to increase spikelets per panicle , to boost new combinations yield , to improve grain quality , etc . The rice restorer lines Fuhui 964 and Minghui 63 (as the control) were splitly sown ten times from 03-15 to 07-21 in 1999 , with two of them (03-15 and 05-14) were treated by short day. The results showed that , the growth duration of Fuhui 964 was notably shorten by both short day and high temperature , and the effects of short day and high temperature on growth duration were bigger in Fuhui 964 than in Minghui 63. Fuhui 964 belongs to the type of rice with strong basic vegetative growth , weak photoperiod sensitivity , and strong temperature sensitivity . The high-yielding cultural techniques of the hybrids from Fuhui 964 were briefly introduced . The wide foreground was also revealed in the paper to further utilize Fuhui 964 containing Javanica resource to breed super strong restorer line , to make out super three-line hybrid rice combinations.