甘蔗叶多糖的分离纯化及其体外活性分析

以甘蔗叶为原料，采用机械力辅助超声法提取甘蔗叶粗多糖。经除蛋白、除色素、除小分子杂质等预处理后，用DEAE-52纤维素离子柱及DEAE-琼脂糖凝胶FF离子柱对甘蔗叶粗多糖进行分离纯化，得到SCLP-1和SCLP-5两种甘蔗叶纯多糖，并对其红外吸收特征、抑菌性能和抗氧化性能进行进一步研究。结果表明：甘蔗叶粗多糖提取率为1.8%，除蛋白率为39.8%，除蛋白过程多糖保留率为58.6%，除色素率为67.9%；除色素过程的多糖保留率为60.2%，除小分子杂质过程的多糖保留率为96.8%。红外光谱扫描结果显示， SCLP-1和SCLP-5这两种甘蔗叶纯多糖均具有多糖特征吸收峰；抗氧化试验结果显示，SCLP-5的抗氧化能力略高于SCLP-1的抗氧化性但均低于V_C；抑菌试验结果显示，两种纯化组分对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有良好的抑制作用，且对大肠杆菌的抑制效果优于金黄色葡萄球菌。

Isolation, purification and in vitro activity analysis of polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves

In this paper, the crude polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves were extracted by mechanical force assisted ultrasonic method. After deproteinization, decolorization and removal of small molecular impurities, the produced crude polysaccharide extracts were purified by DEAE-52 cellulose ion column and DEAE-Sepharose fast flow chromatography to obtain two fractions, SCLP-1 and SCLP-5. The infrared absorption characteristics, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of SCLP-1 and SCLP-5 were further studied, and the results showed that the extraction rate of crude polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves was 1.8%, the protein removal rate was 39.8%, and the decolorization rate was 67.9%; the polysaccharide retention rates of the two processes were 58.6% and 60.2%, respectively, while the polysaccharide retention rate of the process of removing small molecular impurities was 96.8%. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy analysis showed that both SCLP-1 and SCLP-5 exhibited typical absorption peaks of polysaccharides; the results of in vitro antioxidant test showed that the antioxidant activity of SCLP-5 was slightly higher than that of SCLP-1, but lower than V_C; the results of bacteriostasis test showed that both SCLP-1 and SCLP-5 have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, especially for E. coli.