黄羽肉种鸡营养需要量与饲料研究进展

为促进我国黄羽肉鸡种业高效、健康发展，解决目前存在的饲粮浪费、环境污染以及繁殖效能低下等问题尤为关键。总结了关于黄羽肉种鸡营养需要量和饲料研究方面的国内外相关文献，从其代谢能、粗蛋白质、主要必需氨基酸（蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸和异亮氨酸）、维生素（VA、VD、VE）和矿物元素（钙、磷、铁、铜、锌、锰和硒）的需要量，饲料资源评价与利用，生物活性添加剂益生素与益生菌，植物提取物和中草药制剂，抗应激剂应用等方面研究现状进行较全面的综述，对存在问题和未来研发趋势进行分析。总体来看，近年来在黄羽肉种鸡营养需要量和饲料添加剂的应用研究越来越多，但主要集中在产蛋期，研发亮点在于开展黄羽肉鸡代谢能每天需要量与代谢体重、平均日增重和产蛋量的相关性分析，以代谢体重、平均日增重和产蛋量为变量，建立了重型、中型和轻型 3 种类型黄羽肉种母鸡日粮氮校正代谢能需要量析因法预测模型。目前黄羽肉种鸡育雏期、育成期营养及限饲技术研究报道较少，饲料资源评价与安全高效利用技术、繁殖性能提升关键技术等仍需进一步突破。

Research Progress in Nutritional Requirements and Feed for Yellow-feathered Broiler Breeders

In order to promote the efficient and healthy development of yellow-feathered broiler breeders, it is very important to solve the existing problems such as dietary waste, environmental pollution and low reproductive efficiency. The paper summarized the relevant domestic and foreign literature on nutritional requirements and application of feeds of yellow-feathered broiler breeders. It summed up studies about requirements of metabolic energy, crude protein, main essential amino acids (methionine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, arginine and isoleucine), vitamins (VA, VD and VE), and mineral elements (Ca, P, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Se), feed resource evaluation and utilization, application of bioactive additives, probiotics, plant extracts and Chinese herbal preparations, anti-stress agents in breeders of yellow-feathered broider, and analyzed the trend of future researches. On the whole, in recent years, there have been more and more researches on nutritional requirements and application of feed additives in yellow-feathered broiler breeders, but mainly concentrated in the egg-laying period. The highlight in the researches on nutritional requirements in recent years was correlation analysis between metabolic energy requirements per day and metabolic body weight, average daily gain, daily egg production. The prediction models of dietary nitrogen-corrected metabolic energy requirements for three types of breeder hens of yellow-feathered broilers were established with metabolic weight, average daily gain and egg production as variables. At present, there are few reports on nutrition and feed restriction technology in the brooding period and growing period of yellow-feathered broiler breeders. Key techniques for feed resource evaluation and safe & efficient utilization and reproductive performance improvement of breeder hens still need to be broken through.