小麦谷蛋白亚基1Dx5的分子鉴定及标记辅助选择

 小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基Glu-D1位点上1Dx5-1Dy10和1Dx2-1Dy12分别紧密连锁，它们分别与小麦面包加工品质的优劣密切相关。利用1Dx5亚基特异PCR标记鉴定了我国新育成的49份优质小麦品种(系)的谷蛋白亚基Glu-D1位点，有17个品种扩增出450 bp特异片段，表明具有1Dx5亚基；32个品种未扩增出450 bp片段，表明不具有1Dx5亚基；1Dx5亚基的出现频率为34.7%。所用材料的鉴定结果与SDS-PAGE电泳的结果基本一致，表明利用特异性PCR标记鉴定1Dx5亚基技术是可靠的。此外，还利用该PCR标记，对回交后代株系进行了鉴定，选择出含优质亚基的小麦株系。

Identification and Marker-assisted Selection of HMW-Glutenin 1Dx5 Gene in Wheat

Wheat bread-making quality is associated with allelic pairs at the Glu-D1 complex locus, designated 1Dx5-1Dy10 and 1Dx2-1Dy12, respectively. The specific PCR marker of 1Dx5 was applied to detect the presence of the HMW-glutenin 1Dx5 gene in 49 wheat varieties. The results showed that the PCR marker could amplify a 450bp fragment in 17 varieties and the positive control, Cheyenne, comprising the 1Dx5 gene, while other 32 varieties and the negative control did not show the specific product. The results suggested that this PCR marker of 1Dx5 could identify the presence of the HMW-glutenin 1Dx5 gene. The low proportion containing the HMW-glutenin 1Dx5 gene in the 49 wheat varieties implied that the application of the good bread wheat varieties or elite HMW-glutenin subunits in breeding program should be improved. Also the results corresponding to those by protein SDS-PAGE indicated that this marker was reliable and effective. Six BC1F1 populations derived from backcrosses of common wheat lines were screened by this molecular marker and individual plants with the HMW-glutenin 1Dx5 gene were identified.