碳源和植物生长调节剂对辣椒花药培养效率的影响（摘要）

目的]为进一步提高辣椒花药培养效率。方法]采用MS培养基,以博辣娇红为试材,研究碳源种类与浓度对花药愈伤组织诱导的影响;以佳玉为试材,按L16（4^5）正交试验设计,研究植物生长调节剂种类与浓度对辣椒花药培养效率的影响。结果]愈伤组织和胚状体诱导率各浓度处理的均值麦芽糖虽略高于蔗糖,但未达差异显著水平;麦芽糖或蔗糖作碳源,3%～6%的浓度有利于提高愈伤组织与胚状体的诱导频率,超过6%以后,愈伤组织和胚状体诱导率随糖浓度的增加而极显著下降。生长调节剂对愈伤组织诱导率的影响为2,4-D﹥ZT﹥NAA﹥KT﹥6-BA;对胚状体诱导率的影响为2,4-D﹥NAA﹥ZT﹥KT﹥6-BA;2,4-D、ZT、NAA和KT对愈伤组织与胚状体诱导率均有显著或极显著影响;生长调节剂的使用浓度,2,4-D和ZT以1.0mg/L、NAA和KT对0.5mg/L的效果最好,ZT对提高愈伤组织和胚状体诱导率的效果比KT和6-BA都好;2,4-D1.0mg/L﹢ZT1.0mg/L﹢KT0.5mg/L﹢6-BA0.5mg/L是佳玉花药愈伤组织和胚状体诱导培养适宜的生长调节剂组合。结论]该研究为辣椒花药培养研究提供了依据。

Influences of Carbon Sources and Plant Growth Regulators on Anther Culture Efficiency of Pepper

Objective]In order to increase anther culture efficiency of pepper.Method]MS culture media and Bolajiaohong were used in this experiment to study the influences of carbon sources and concentrations on anther callus induction of pepper.Jiayu was taken as a material to study influences of plant growth regulators and concentrations on anther callus induction of pepper according to L16（4^5） orthogonal design.Result]The average callus and embryoid induction rates of maltose at all concentrations were higher than these of sucrose but the difference was not significant.Taking maltose or sucrose as a carbon source,3% to 6% concentration was good for increasing induction frequencies of calli and embryoids.However,If the concentration was over 6%,the induction rates were declined dramatically with the increase of sugar concentration.The influences of growth regulators on induction rate of calli were listed as 2,4-D﹥ZT﹥NAA﹥KT﹥6-BA;the influences on induction rates of embryoids were listed as 2,4-D﹥NAA﹥ZT﹥KT﹥6-BA.The 2,4-D,ZT,NAA and KT had signficant or extremely significant influences on induction rates of calli and embryoids.2,4-D,ZT at 1.0 mg/L and NNA,KT at 0.5 mg/L had the best effects.The influences of ZT on calli and embryoids were better than those of KT and 6-BA.1.0 mg/L 2,4-D ＋1.0 mg/L ZT ＋0.5 mg/L KT ＋0.5 mg/L 6-BA was the best regulator combination for induction culture of Jiayu anther.Conclusion]The experiment provided research basis for anther culture of pepper.