温度、土壤含水量和埋蛹深度对柑橘大实蝇羽化的影响

为揭示环境因子对柑橘大实蝇成虫羽化的影响,采用三元一次正交组合设计分析,分别建立了成虫羽化出土率、存活率、始见日以及羽化历期与温度、土壤含水量和埋蛹深度及其互作关系的回归方程。在4个方程中温度的偏回归系数最高,分别为19.37、22.14、15.88和9.63,且均为负相关;土壤含水量主要影响成虫的羽化出土率和存活率,其偏回归系数分别为6.92和12.02,呈负相关关系;埋蛹深度对成虫羽化出土率和存活率有一定影响,其偏回归系数分别为2.86和1.39,呈正相关关系;因子间互作主要影响成虫的存活率,其中温度×土壤含水量互作是其单因子作用的叠加,而温度×埋蛹深度以及土壤含水量×埋蛹深度的互作在一定程度上抵消了温度和土壤含水量对成虫存活率的影响。

Effects of temperature, soil humidity and depth of buried pupae on adult emergence of Bactrocera minax

With the objective of determining the effects of environmental factors on the adult emergence of Bactrocera minax, temperature, soil moisture content, pupae buried depth and the interactions among these three factors were analyzed with respect to the adult emergence characteristics, such as emergence percentage, survival rate, the earliest date of adult appearing, and emergence duration, using orthogonal combination experiment to develop the regression equations of above three factors at different levels. The results showed that among four equations, the partial regression coefficients of temperature were all the highest, which were 19.37, 22.14, 15.88 and 9.63, and the relationships were negative correlated. The adult emergence percentage and survival rate was mainly affected by soil moisture content with the partial regression coefficient of 6.92 and 12.02, and the relationships were also negative correlated. Besides, the positive correlations of the buried depth of pupae with both emergence percentage and survival rate were found with the partial regression coefficient of 2.86 and 1.39. The interactions among these factors mainly affect the adult survival rate. There were additive effects of the interaction between temperature and soil humidity, however, the interaction between temperature × pupae depth and soil humidity × pupae depth were opposite and had antagonistic effects.