产气荚膜梭菌α、β毒素研究进展

产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)是一种革兰氏阳性、产生芽胞、严格厌氧及形成特殊荚膜的梭状杆菌。该菌广泛存在于自然界的水源、土壤及人和动物肠道之中。研究发现,该菌至少可以产生15种以上的毒素,但目前仅有5-6种毒素,即α、β、ε、ι毒素及肠毒素(CPE)、β2毒素等被认为是该菌的主要致病性毒素。根据产气荚膜梭菌产生四种致死性毒素(α、β、ε、ι毒素)的能力,将其分为五种类型,即A、B、C、D、E型。产气荚膜梭菌是一种重要的人畜共患病的病原体,可引起人的食物中毒和多种动物坏死性肠炎、肠毒血症同时也是人畜创伤性气性坏疽以及人类食物中毒的主要病原菌之一。近年来,对产气荚膜梭菌α、β毒素研究取得了重大进展。现就产气荚膜梭菌α、β毒素的组成、结构、分子生物学、检测等方面的研究进展做一综述。

Research progress of α、βtoxin of Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium perfringens is one kind of leather blue masculine gender, produces the gemma, hates the oxygen strictly and forms the special capsule the bacillus fusiformis. It widely exists in the nature water , the soil and the human and the animal intestinal tract. The research discovered that It may produce 15 kinds toxins at least, but at present only has 5-6 kinds toxins, namely α?β?ε?ι and intestines toxin (CPE), β2 and so on was considered is main pathogenic toxin. According to four kinds lethal toxin (α?β?ε?ι) ability, divides into it five kinds of types, namely A, B, C, D, E. Clostridium perfringens is a pathogen which person and livestock be infected, and may cause human food poisoning and the many kinds of animal necrotic enteritis, the intestines toxemia simultaneously also is one of the human livestock wound spirit gangrene as well as human food poisoning main disease germs. In recent years, to Clostridium perfringens alpha, beta toxin research has made the significant progress. This paper will makes a summary to toxin composition, structure, molecular biology, examination of alpha, beta toxins .