超级杂交稻组合的产量性状和株叶形态分析

[目的]为长江中下游地区实现新的超级杂交稻育种目标提供依据。[方法]以汕优63为对照,采用完全随机区组设计,对11个超级杂交稻组合的产量性状和株叶形态进行分析。[结果]11个组合的产量均高于对照,但有效穗数、结实率和千粒重的平均值均比对照低。有效穗数、穴穗重、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、穗粒数、单穗粒重与产量呈正相关。株型优势与产量明显相关,各产量性状之间相互影响。红莲优6号、88S/747、Ⅱ优明86、88S/0293有明显的株型优势,增产幅度均在25%以上。[结论]超级杂交稻主要增产因子是穴穗重、穗粒数、单穗粒重、二次枝梗数、有效穗数和一次枝梗数,株型优势与产量有明显的关系,株叶形态符合"长、直、窄、凹、厚"的标准。

Analysis of the Yield Characteristics and Plant-leaf Types in Super Hybrid Rice Combinations

[Objective] The research aimed to provide basis for realizing new breeding objects of super hybrid rice in middle and downstream of Yangtze River.[Method] With Shanyou 63 as CK,the yield characteristics and plant-leaf types in 11 super hybrid rice combinations were analyzed by completely randomized block design.[Result] The yields of11 combinations were all higher than that of CK,but the average values of effective panicles,seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight in 11 combinations were all lower than that of CK.Effective panicles,panicle weight per hole,the number of primary branches,the number of secondary branches,grains per spike and grain weight per spike all showed positive correlations with the yield.The plant-type advantages had an obvious relation with the yield.Each yield characteristics were affected by each other.Honglianyou 6,88S/747,II Youming 86 and 88S/0293 had obvious plant-type advantages and their yield-increasing extents were all over 25%.[Conclusion] Main yield-increasing factors were panicle weight per hole,grains per spike,grain weight per spike,the number of secondary branches,effective panicles and the number of primary branches.Plant-leaf types accorded with the standards of "long,straight,narrow,concave and thick".