车前草菌核病发生与防治研究

车前草菌核病是车前草上一种新病害,主要为害穗部,也能侵害叶片,发病严重时,减产60%以上。经鉴定病原为核盘菌[Sclerotinia scleroliorum(L ib.)de Bary.]。试验结果表明:氮肥施用过多,降低抗病性,车前草抽穗期,田间湿度大,发病重,病情指数为45.2;施用生物有机肥加叶面肥,增强抗病性,发病轻,病情指数为5.7,产量最高。经方差分析表明:施用生物有机肥加叶面肥的产量与施用复合肥加尿素、复合肥和不施肥相比差异均达到极显著水平。治萎灵的抑菌率和防治效果均为最佳,其抑菌率和防效分别为100%和95.6%。

A Study on Occurence and Control on Plantain Sclerotiniose

Plantain sclerotinios is a new disease which mainly damages the spike and the leaf.In seriouscases the output of the crop is reduced by over60%.Its pathogen is identified asSclerotinia scleroliorum.Theexperimental results showed that too much nitrogen fertilizer lowered the resistance of the plant,large field hu-midity at the heading stage worsened the disease condition,the disease index was 45.2;Application of bio-organic fertilizer plus foriage dressing strengthened the disease resistance and lihtened the disease conditionwith a disease index of 5.7 resulting in the highest yield.Variance analysis showed:the differences in theyields between the treatment of bio-organic fertilizer plus foriage dressing and that of the teeatment of ureacomplex fertilizer and that of the treatment of no fertilizer were highly significant.Jiweiling had the best bacte-riostasis and controlling effect,its inhibitory rate and controlling rate were 100% and 95.6%,respectively.