Accumulation of reducing sugars by sugarcane: effects of crop age,nitrogen supply and cultivar |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Tropical Crops and Pastures, CSIRO, Aitkenvale, Queensland Australia;2. Division of Tropical Crops and Pastures, CSIRO, St. Lucia, Queensland Australia;3. Technical Field Department, CSR, Ingham, Queensland Australia;1. Department of Agricultural Botany, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra 444 104, India;2. Plant Stress Physiology and Biotechnology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 450 085, India;1. The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut''s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10140, Thailand;2. Center of Excellence on Energy Technology and Environment, PERDO, Bangkok, Thailand;1. Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia;2. Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;1. Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2777, Anexo I – Saúde, Salas 360-361, Porto Alegre, 90035-007, RS, Brazil;2. Departatment of Food Science, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Campus do Vale, Prédio 43.212, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil;1. Laboratory of Plant Physiology “Coaracy M. Franco”, Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil;2. Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil;3. Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Sugarcane was grown under full irrigation in Australia, South Africa and Hawaii. N fertiliser was supplied at a high rate and was non-limiting to biomass accumulation in all but one dataset, where zero and high nitrogen (N) supply regimes were imposed. Crops were sampled for biomass, sucrose, glucose and fructose content of stalks. In one study, the biomass and sugar content of all green crop components were also determined. The objective was to compare the accumulation of reducing sugars, glucose and fructose, with sucrose, and how this responds to agronomic manipulations of crop duration, cultivar and nitrogen supply. Such knowledge can be used to assess the scope for maximising, by agronomic or genetic means, the partitioning of biomass to the economic product, sucrose and maximising the purity of juice for efficient sucrose extraction at the mill. At 12 months growth, 30–50% of reducing sugars was present in the stalk component, but at earlier stages was higher at 50–80%. Stalk yields of reducing sugars for 12 month crops were less than 100 g m−2, which was less than 5% of total sugars in the stalk. There were strong effects of N supply and cultivar on the amounts and concentration of reducing sugars in the stalk at low yields, but little effect when stalk biomass exceeded about 4000 g m−2 suggesting that, agronomic or genetic manipulation of levels of reducing sugars will only be effective early in the season. For a given level of stalk biomass, cultivar effects on partitioning to reducing sugars were due either to differences in partitioning of stalk biomass to total sugars, or differences in the partitioning between sucrose and reducing sugars. On the other hand, variation in N supply only altered the partitioning between sucrose and reducing sugars. Calculations suggested that high concentrations of reducing sugars in stalks harvested at a young age or from high N supply treatments, were not expected to lower the polarimetric estimate of sucrose concentration in the juice by more than 6%. This study provides a framework to assess the impact of cultivar, crop duration, and N supply on the accumulation of reducing sugars in different production systems. |
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