不同情境下的虚拟水战略对塔里木河流域水资源和生态环境的影响

本文简要的介绍了虚拟水含量的计算方法,根据2003年塔里木河流域的资料,计算了主要农产品单位质量的农产品虚拟水含量、城乡居民消费的虚拟水含量、生产产品的虚拟水含量和在不同的情境下虚拟水战略对生态环境的影响。结果表明:与西北其它地区相比较,塔里木河流域生产单位质量的农产品虚拟水含量相对较低;从塔里木河流域虚拟水消费总量看,城镇居民与农村居民的消费相差不大,分别为37.14×108m3和32.95×108m3。而对于其中一些消费产品而言,如粮食、猪肉、家禽、鲜蛋、糕点和鱼虾等的消费在城镇居民与农村居民间仍然存在着一定的差异;全社会消费的虚拟水数量和实际生产产品中的虚拟水含量分别为70.09×108m3和219.63×108m3,可以看出在塔里木河流域实际生产产品的虚拟水含量远远大于各项消费的总虚拟水含量;在塔里木河流域实施虚拟水战略可以缓解社会经济和生态的压力,若通过虚拟水战略,将节约的水资源用于恢复天然植被,则可以局部的逆转塔里木河流域的生态环境。

Influence of the Different Virtual Water Strategies on Water Resource and Eco-environment of Tarim River

Virtual water is the water used in the production process of goods and services;virtual water strategy means countries or regions whose water is scarce achieve their water security and food security by importing water-intensive products from those whose water is abundant. The study briefly introduced the method of the assess the virtual water.Based on the data of the Tarim River in 2003.The virtual water contents of the main primary farm products,the virtual water consumption of the citizen and the effect of the different virtual water strategy on the eco environment in the Tarim River were analyzed.The results showed that the virtual water consumption of the citizen was 70.09108m3,the the virtual water contents of the production was 219.63108m3.The virtual water contents of the main primary farm products was low in Tarim River in 2003;We can relief the socioeconomic and the ecological stress through the virtual water strategy in Tarim River,even we can reverse the eco-environment partially.