森林水文作用动态过程模型及效应评价

本文以森林状态作为流域系统的主要特征，描述了森林水文作用的动态过程，推导出了流域系统水文动态平衡方程和水文作用方程，以及林冠持水过程、土壤渗透过程、地表径流形成过程、流域天然蓄水及释放过程和地下水输出等在时间和空间变化中的数学模型．为便于计算机数据处理，对上述连续过程模型进行了离散化处理．并进行了数字仿真，对不同时期的水文特征值和森林状态进行了比较和评价，得出了森林调节水文，涵养水源的定量结论．

Dynamic Process Models and Effect Evaluation of Forest Hydrology Action

Taking the forest status as the main characteristic of a catchment system,this paper has described the dynamic process of forest hydrology action and deduced the hydrological dynamic-equilibrium equation and the hydrological action equation of the catchment system.At the same time,the mathematic models,which varies with time and space,of crown interception process,soil infiltration process,surface runoff formation process,natural process of water storage and water release,and ground-water output process have also been established.In order to make it easy to handle the data with a computer,the above successive process models have been discretized.Then the hydrological characteristic values and forest statuses in different periods have been compared and evaluated by means of digital simulation.Therefore,the quantitative conclusion of forest action in hydrological control and water conservation is given.