小麦高产经济施肥技术指标和参数

通过1986～1990年间80多个田间小麦肥效试验,研究了石家庄地区小麦生产进入高产阶段后不同肥力土壤上小麦肥效曲线方程、高产经济施肥指标。结果表明,不同肥力麦田的小麦高产经济施肥指标为:高肥力麦田亩施N11.1～13.8kg,P_2O_510.7～13.9kg,中肥力麦田亩施N12.6～15.2kg,P_2O_59.8～12.1kg;低肥力麦田亩施N13.3～15.5kg,P_2O_59.1～11.7kg。还研究了小麦目标产量施肥法所需的三个施肥参数:(1)小麦百公斤产量养分吸收量,空白区平均为:N2.32kg,P_2O_51.05kg,K_2O2.72kg;施肥区平均为:N2.82kg,P_2_51.03kg,K_2O_3.15kg。(2)土壤速效磷和碱解氮的校正系数(C_P、C_N)分别为:C_P=0.41+4.01/P,C_N=0.28+0.035P。(3)氮、磷肥利用率(Z_N、Z_P)分别为:Z_N(％)=42.1-0.35P,Z_P(％)=27.6-1.20P(P为土壤速效磷含量)。

The Indices and Parameters of Economical Fertilizer Application for High Yield of Wheat

More than 80 field experiments on fertilizer effect on wheat were conducted from 1986 to 1990 to investigate the curves equation of fertilizer effects and indices of economic application of fertilizers in soil with different fertilities after the wheat production ,came to the high-output-stage in Shijiazhuang area. The results indicated that the economical fertilizer application indices for a high output of wheat in the fields with different fertilities were as follows. In the field with high fertility, N-11.1 to 13.8kg/mw, P2O5 -10.7 to 13.9 kg/mu; in the field with medium fertility, N-12.6 to 15.2 kg/mu, P2O5 -9.8 to 12.1 kg/ma, in the field with low feretility, N-13.3 to 15.5 kg/mu, P2O5-9.1 to 11.7 kg/ma. In addition, three parameters of fertilizer application for a target-output were also studied. (1) The amounts of nutrients absorbed for obtaining 100 kg of wheat grain were as follows. For control (non fertilized treatment), N-2.32kg,P2O5-1.05kg, K2O-2.72kg; for fertilized treatment, N-2.82kg, P1O5-1.03kg,K2O-3.15kg. ( 2 ) Correction coefficients were CP=0.41 + 4.01/Pand CN- 0.28 + 0.035P for soil available phosghorous (CP) and alkali hydrolytic nitrogen (CN) respectively. (3) The utilization rates for nitrogen and phosphorus (ZN and ZP) were as follows. ZN (%) = 42.1 - 0.35P, ZP (%) =27.6-1.20P (where P is the content of soil available phosphorus) .