南疆部分地区土壤-牧草-畜体系统中主要微量元素含量的初步调查研究

[目的]从动物微量元素营养角度,调查研究新疆南疆部分地区,土壤-牧草-畜体系统中主要微量元素含量.[方法]对库尔勒市普惠牧场、沙雅县塔里木第一牧场、新和县牧场和尉犁县礅阔坦乡等采样点的32份土壤、牧草样品中的铜、钼、锰、锌和硒等5项微量元素;沙雅塔里木第一牧场、库尔勒市普惠牧场32 只放牧患摇背症绵羔羊的肝、脊髓和脂肪等组织的铜、锌、钼等3种微量元素含量进行分析,并且对沙雅县塔里木第一牧场1 000多头绵山羊进行流行病学调查数据统计.[结果]土壤、牧草样品的分析显示,铜钼比值明显低于对反刍动物比较安全的范围(2～3:1 ),土壤中铜含量处于正常水平范围内(15～60 mg/kg),但新和县牧场和尉犁县礅阔坦乡生长牧草含铜量明显低于正常水平(3～5 mg/kg);锌、锰、硒含量基本处在正常范围之内(100、400、0.03～0.05 mg/kg);对患摇背症羔羊内脏组织元素含量分析显示:羊肝铜、锌都处于低水平.但钼处于高水平(正常值2～4 mg/kg),提示该两个地区绵羊处于低铜、低锌和高钼的营养状况.[结论]调查区域羔羊摇背症发病率在沙雅第一牧场高达75;以上、成年绵山羊的流产率达到40;左右,显示所调查区域部分地区处于条件性铜营养缺乏,有些地方处于原发性铜缺乏状态.

Initial Investigation on Main Trace Element in Soil - Grass - Animal System in the Southern Part of Xinjiang

【Objective】This study was used to discuss the main trace element in sheep in the Southern part of Xinjiang.【Method】In this paper,five trace minerals like copper,molybdenum,manganese,zinc,and selenium in the 32 sampling points and forage samples which were collected from 4 different counties namely Puhui Farm of Kurla,Tarim No.1 Farm of Shaya County,Xinhe County Farm and Dongkutan of Yuli County had been tested.And the copper,zinic,molybdenum in the liver,spinal core and fat of the 32 sheep from Tarim No.1 Farm of Shaya County and Puhui Farm of Kurla had been tested.Besides,clinical examination had been carried out for 1 000 sheep and goat at the Tarim No.one Farm.【Result】The results showed that the ratio of copper to molybdenum was obviously lower than safe limit for the rumination animals(2-3∶1).The copper content in soil was at normal level(15-60 mg/kg).However,the copper in the forage grass of Xinhe and Dongkutan of Yuli County was significantly lower than the normal level(3-5 mg/kg).Zinc,manganese,selenium content was in the normal range(100 mg/kg,400 mg/kg,0.03～0.05 mg/kg).The analysis results of the tissue of visceral element showed that the contents of copper,zinc were all at the low level;the contents of molybdenum was higher than normal level(2-4 mg/kg),which showed that sheep in these areas were lack of copper and zinc,however,there was enough molybdenum.【Conclusion】According to the clinical examination,the rate of the disease of copper deficiency was up to 75%;The abortion rate of adult sheep reached 40%.From the above results,it was found out that the four counties in the South Xinjiang had condition copper nutrition deficiency,and some ones had primarily copper deficiency state,Therefore,in some areas there were high copper and molybdenum deficiency and primary copper deficiency.